Fig. 4: Expression of proteins related to GBM-neuron synapsis, GBM networks communicated through tumor microtubes and immune-evasion.

A UMAPs showing the expression of GBM-neuron synapsis genes. B UMAPs showing the expression of GBM network genes. Violin plots are included in Suppl. Fig. 2. C UMAPs showing the expression of immune-evasive genes. D Illustrative Gap43 and PD-L1 (Cd274) immunofluorescence images of brains at 28 days post-implantation, scale bar: 2 mm. Zoomed-in images showing the expression of Gap43 and PD-L1 (Cd274) in the border of the tumor, scale bar: 100 µm. Quantification of Gap43 and PD-L1 protein levels in the tumor area and contralateral hemisphere from the immunofluorescence images. Results are expressed in arbitrary units (a. u.) and are the mean±SEM from four and three independent experiments, respectively, from which 5 fields were quantified. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 (student’s t test). Higher resolution images in Suppl. Fig. 2B. E Irf8 protein levels in the contralateral region and tumor area detected by western blotting (representative blots). GAPDH is shown as loading control. Full-length Western blots are shown in Suppl. Fig. 7B. F Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) plot of indicated gene sets for genes differentially expressed between implanted and cultured GSCs. NES Normalized enrichment score, FDR false discovery rate.