Fig. 3: Differences in cell communication between primary and recurrent osteosarcoma patients.

A Quantification of cell interactions in primary and recurrent osteosarcoma, showing the total number of communication events in both conditions. Both primary and recurrent osteosarcomas exhibit complex communication. B Visualization of changes in interaction counts or intensity during recurrence, with red representing enhanced expression and blue representing reduced expression. Recurrent osteosarcoma displays distinct communication quantities and intensities. C Comparison of interaction frequency and intensity between primary and recurrent osteosarcoma, with recurrent cases showing higher communication activity. D Heatmap illustrating the differences in interaction quantity or intensity, providing a visual comparison of cell communication features between primary and recurrent osteosarcoma. E Two-dimensional spatial juxtaposition analysis showing the distribution and directionality of interactions between signal sources and targets in primary and recurrent osteosarcoma patients. In recurrent osteosarcoma, osteosarcoma cells and osteoclasts occupy significant positions. F Detailed flow analysis of signaling pathways, revealing the complexity and diversity of the cell communication network. Signaling pathways such as MIF, FGF, PTN, RESISTIN, ANGPTL, ncWNT, UGRP1, IL16, OSM, and BAG are significantly upregulated in recurrent osteosarcoma. G Comparison of egress signals from different cell populations, highlighting changes in outward signaling between different cell groups. H Analysis of ingress signals in each cell population, reflecting differences in how different cell groups receive signals. I Overall signaling network overview, revealing the signaling patterns of various cell populations and their roles in cell communication.