Fig. 4: Regulatory role of DCUN1D5 in osteosarcoma.

A Venn diagram depicting the overlap between E3 and genes overexpressed in OS, highlighting the 21 OS-E3s identified from 2142 E3 and 727 differentially expressed genes in osteogenic osteosarcoma cells. B The Kaplan-Meier survival curves show the correlation between DCUN1D5 and overall survival (OS) in the TARGET-OS and GSE21257 databases. C Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) representation of DCUN1D5 expression patterns, categorizing osteogenic osteosarcoma cells into high and low expression groups based on DCUN1D5’s median expression. D Volcano plot of genes differentially expressed based on DCUN1D5 levels, illustrating the significant upregulation and downregulation of genes in high DCUN1D5-expressing cells. E Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of the differentially expressed genes revealed associations with the extracellular matrix, immune system regulation, protease activity, and cellular components like ribosomes and organelle cavities. F Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) of the differentially expressed genes, showing upregulation of metabolic and functional pathways related to ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, vesicle transport, and energy metabolism in cells with high DCUN1D5 expression. G Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of the differentially expressed genes, indicating enrichment in ribosome pathways, cancer-related proteoglycans, and various oncogenic processes. H Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) of the differentially expressed genes, demonstrating elevated metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and reactive oxygen species in cells with high DCUN1D5 expression.