Fig. 2: Expression patterns of anterior patterning genes in the hatchling (1 dph) of Spadella cephaloptera. | Communications Biology

Fig. 2: Expression patterns of anterior patterning genes in the hatchling (1 dph) of Spadella cephaloptera.

From: Anterior-posterior patterning in the chaetognath Spadella cephaloptera informs bilaterian nervous system and tail evolution

Fig. 2

Gene transcripts (yellow) are visualized with AlexaFluor-647 (B–H) or AP-Fast Blue (I–L), and cell nuclei are counterstained with DAPI (purple). A, A’ General morphology of a hatchling shown in schematic drawing (A) and maximum intensity projection of DAPI-stained whole animal (A’). Top: dorsal view; bottom: lateral view. B–E Sce-otx expression pattern. B Dorsal and lateral maximum projections. C Dorsal section of the anterior body showing expression in the mid-anterior cerebral ganglion (cg) and presumptive ventral cephalic ganglia precursors (vcg). D Transverse section of the anterior head showing Sce-otx expression at the base of the head (red arrowheads) and in the cephalic adhesive papillae (ap, white arrowheads). E Higher magnification of primordial germ cells (pgc; red arrowheads), shown in DAPI only (left) and merged channels (right). F–H Sce-nk2.1 expression pattern. F Dorsal and lateral maximum projections. G Dorsal section of the anterior body showing expression in the cerebral ganglion and intestine (outlined). H Transverse section posterior to the cerebral ganglion showing expression in the anterior esophagus (es). I–L Sce-six3/6 expression pattern. I Dorsal and lateral maximum projections. J, L Dorsal sections of the anterior body showing expression in the cerebral ganglion and dorsal esophagus. K Dorsal section along the dorsal-most portion of the head showing Sce-six3/6+ cells in the eyes (solid circles) and inner corona ciliata (dashed circle). L Transverse section through the head along the esophagus, showing Sce-six3/6 expression in its dorsal domain. Scale bars: 50 μm, except panels B, F, and I (100 μm). Asterisk indicates the position of the mouth opening. Orientation is indicated in the top-right corner of each panel. ap cephalic adhesive papillae, cc corona cilata, cf caudal fin, cg cerebral ganglion, co ciliary tuft/fence organ, es esophagus, ey eye, in intestine, lms longitudinal muscle somata, lsc lateral somata clusters, mvs medioventral somata clusters, np neuropil of the ventral nerve center, pgc primordial germ cells, vcg ventral cephalic ganglia precursor.

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