Fig. 18: Partial String breaking in the bosonic \({{\mathbb{Z}}}_{2}\) gauge chain.
From: Synthetic \({{\mathbb{Z}}}_{2}\) gauge theories based on parametric excitations of trapped ions
Contour plots for the dynamics of the boson distribution \({\overline{n}}_{i}(t)=\langle {a}_{i}^{{{{\dagger}}} }{a}_{i}(t)\rangle\), the electric field on the links \({\overline{s}}_{i}^{x}(t)=\langle {\sigma }_{i,{{{{{{{{\bf{e}}}}}}}}}_{1}}^{x}(t)\rangle\). We consider a chain of N = 80 sites, and set the transverse electric field to \(h=0.2{t}_{1,{{{{{{{{\bf{e}}}}}}}}}_{1}}\) and a mass μ = h. The initial state is \({\vert}_{2i}\bullet \sim \!\! \sim {\circ }_{2j+1}\rangle\) in the notation of Eq. (72), which corresponds to a product state for the bosons being localized at even sites i, and a domain wall of the gauge qubits for the links in between the sites i0 = 32 and j0 = 48. In (a) we show the results for the hard core bosons case instead in (b) we present the results for the soft core bosons where we fixed the local dimension \({n}_{\max }=4\).
