Fig. 2: Material properties and device performance.

a The drawing for the inverted organic bulk heterojunction solar cell structure consisting of ITO(glass)/ZnO/BHJ/MoO3/Ag, the organic bulk heterojunctions were choosen to be PM6:L8-BO, PM6:BTP-ec9, PBDB-T-SF:IT-4F, PBDB-T-2Cl:IT-4Cl, PBDB-T:ITIC, P3HT:PC61BM, and P3HT:PC71BM. b The pictorial illustration for energy levels of molecular donors, molecular acceptors, transport materials and metallic electrodes. The black dash lines are used to separate them into donor-acceptor bianry groups. c Experimental results of current density-voltage (J-V) curves for the Y-series organic solar cells (OSCs). d Experimental results of J-V curves for the IT-series organic solar cells. e Experimental results of external quantum efficiencies (EQE) spectra (left y-axis) and integrated short-circuit current density (Jsc) (right y-axis) for the Y-series OSCs. f Experimental results of EQE spectra (left y-axis) and integrated Jsc (right y-axis) for the IT-series OSCs. g Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectra for the Y-series OSCs. h UV-vis absorption spectra for the IT-series OSCs.