Fig. 2: Adiabatic sweep dynamics.
From: Large-scale 2 + 1D U(1) gauge theory with dynamical matter in a cold-atom quantum simulator
a An exemplary charge-proliferated (left) and vacuum (right) state in the quantum link model (QLM) and Bose-Hubbard model (BHM) representations. b Snapshots of the adiabatic sweep in the BHM (3) at t = 0 ms, corresponding to the charge-proliferated state in (a), and at t = 20 ms, corresponding to the wave function at the end of the sweep. Crosses denote the forbidden sites on the BHM Lieb superlattice, and these sites take on even jx and even jy in our notation, while matter sites have odd jx and odd jy, and gauge sites have one of the components jx and jy even and the second odd. c The corresponding dynamics of the chiral condensate (CC) (4) and the gauge violation (5) in both the QLM and BHM, showing good agreement and a stabilized gauge invariance. The time-evolution data is obtained using matrix-product-state numerics on an infinite cylinder of width Ly = 4 matter sites.
