Fig. 1: Description of the Electron Spin Resonance experiment.

a Schematic description of the λ/2 - YBa2Cu3O7−x superconducting coplanar waveguide cavity with the ruby and 2,2-diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) hydrazyl (DPPH) pellet31. The ruby crystal is glued on the sample using a thin layer of vacuum grease (not represented here). The (x0,y0,z0) coordinate system, associated with the cavity, is obtained by a rotation of angle θ of the (x,y,z) system around the y axis, such that the Zeeman magnetic field B is applied along the z0 axis. b Distribution of the normalized amplitude of the microwave magnetic field Bac/Bmax, in the cavity, shown in color scale along cuts 1 and 2. c Transmission of the cavity S21(ω) in dB scale (blue dots) centered on the resonance frequency \({{\rm{f}}}_{0}\) fitted by a Lorenztian curve providing a quality factor Q ≈ 8500 (red full line).