Fig. 10: The simulated effect of TOD.
From: Distinguished role of the laser pulse temporal structure on deuteron acceleration
a The 2D PIC simulated average electron temperature (black) and maximum deuteron energies (red) resulted from the interaction with a pulse train (blue), taken from Fig. 1d. In (b, c) the results of 1D simulations with θ = 90° (normal incidence) are shown, where the difference is only the sign of the TOD value. The color code represents the deuteron density (log10[nD(m−3)]) and the white line indicates the accelerating field measured at the ion front.
