Fig. 7: Convective velocity and temperature distribution around the optical fibre module and bubble when the optical fibre module was positioned on the observation microwell floor.

Convective velocity distribution around the optical fibre module and bubble a in the xy-plane at z = 1 μm; b in the yz-plane at x = 0 μm. Enlarged images are shown in c xy-plane and d yz-plane. Here, the colour map indicates the convective velocity, and white arrows show the in-plane components of the normalised convective velocity. White dashed lines represent the outlines of the optical fibre and bubble. Temperature distribution around the optical fibre module and bubble e in the xy-plane at z = 1 μm; f in the yz-plane at x = 0 μm. White contours indicate isothermal lines of 150, 100 and 50 °C from the fibre centre.