Extended Data Fig. 5: Kupffer cells are required for pre-operative exercise mediated hepatic protection from I/R injury.

a, Experiment outline. b, Experiment outline. c, Flow cytometry characterization of Kupffer cells percentage after mice injected with saline or different concentration of GdCl₃. d, Liver damage was measured by serum AST level (P = 0.0130 in saline group, P = 0.9197 in GdCl₃ group) and liver histological evaluation (Suzuki scores) (P = 0.0023 in saline group, P = 0.2513 in GdCl₃ group) from mice with sedentary or pre-operative exercise treatment for 4 weeks injected with GdCl3 (25 mg/kg) or saline solution intraperitoneally 48 hours before hepatic I/R (Each dot represents one mouse, n = 6 mice per group). e, Experiment outline. f, Adoptive transfer of Kupffer cells isolated from either sedentary or pre-operative exercise treatment for 4 weeks into Kupffer cells KO mice with GdCl₃. Liver damage was measured by serum AST level (P = 0.0083 in sedentary recipient group, P = 0.0092 in exercise recipient group) and liver histological evaluation (Suzuki scores) (P = 0.0154 in sedentary recipient group, P = 0.0026 in exercise recipient group) among mice from these four groups subjected to hepatic I/R (Each dot represents one mouse, n = 6 mice per group). Graphs show the mean ± SD (d and f). Circles and triangles represent individual mouse. Unpaired two-sample Student’s t test for (d and f). All the statistical test used in this figure was two-sided and two-sided P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.