Table 1 Demographics and baseline characteristics of patients with COVID-19

From: A multi-omics investigation of the composition and function of extracellular vesicles along the temporal trajectory of COVID-19

 

S1

S2

S3

S4

P value

n

16

25

19

18

 

Age (years) (median (IQR))

41.00 (36.75–52.25)

39.00 (29.00–46.00)

35.00 (30.50–50.50)

45.00 (39.50–49.50)

0.351

Sex (male) (n (%))

10 (62.5%)

17 (68.0%)

15 (78.9%)

10 (55.6%)

0.487

Body mass index (median (IQR))

24.90 (23.28–28.13)

26.03 (23.23–28.40)

23.53 (21.59–28.21)

25.97 (24.53–26.88)

0.666

Clinical grade (n (%))

    

0.427a

Mild

0 (0.0%)

10 (40.0%)

7 (36.8%)

3 (16.7%)

 

Moderate

0 (0.0%)

10 (40.0%)

6 (31.6%)

10 (55.6%)

 

Severe

0 (0.0%)

5 (20.0%)

6 (31.6%)

5 (27.8%)

 

SARS-CoV-2 positive (n (%))

16 (100.0%)

25 (100.0%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

<0.001

WBCs (×109 l−1) (median (IQR))

5.54 (5.03–6.01)

5.17 (3.39–6.57)

6.19 (5.40–7.34)

5.78 (3.97–6.66)

0.294

Haemoglobin (g l−1) (median (IQR))

150.00 (129.25–155.75)

147.00 (134.00–154.00)

138.00 (125.50–152.50)

121.00 (109.25–141.75)

0.021

Platelets (×109 l−1) (median (IQR)), X10^9/L

196.50 (161.00–230.75)

172.00 (148.00–246.00)

245.00 (219.00–284.00)

201.00 (170.75–242.50)

0.006

Prothrombin time (median (IQR))

11.40 (11.10–11.93)

11.80 (11.20–12.60)

11.60 (11.25–12.00)

11.80 (11.33–12.52)

0.58

Activated partial thromboplastin time (median (IQR))

31.65 (30.48–32.73)

32.60 (30.80–34.80)

31.00 (29.25–32.95)

32.25 (29.40–34.40)

0.543

D-dimer (median (IQR))

0.24 (0.13–0.36)

0.24 (0.15–0.57)

0.27 (0.16–1.02)

0.64 (0.19–0.71)

0.411

Urea (mmol l−1) (median (IQR))

4.97 (3.83–6.21)

4.98 (3.85–5.97)

4.84 (4.33–6.02)

4.70 (4.29–4.93)

0.694

Creatinine (μmol l−1) (median (IQR))

70.20 (59.20–78.95)

71.70 (64.00–82.40)

70.60 (65.80–80.20)

70.50 (64.25–76.80)

0.751

Uric acid (μmol l−1) (median (IQR))

352.50 (278.25–391.50)

290.00 (223.00–366.00)

363.00 (304.50–456.50)

283.00 (237.00–356.00)

0.131

Glucose (mmol l−1) (median [IQR])

5.75 (4.85–6.76)

4.90 (4.50–5.80)

4.41 (4.34–5.42)

4.79 (4.50–5.02)

0.071

Bilirubin (μmol l−1) (median (IQR))

10.10 (7.83–11.98)

10.50 (8.50–13.50)

11.80 (9.65–13.40)

9.40 (8.30–10.57)

0.143

Albumin (g l−1) (median (IQR))

42.35 (40.77–45.33)

43.00 (40.00–45.20)

42.70 (40.25–44.30)

38.50 (36.25–41.75)

0.13

Alanine aminotransferase (U l−1) (median (IQR))

21.90 (16.75–25.57)

33.00 (16.30–65.00)

32.70 (19.10–59.05)

34.50 (26.05–42.62)

0.193

Aspartate aminotransferase (U l−1) (median (IQR))

19.45 (17.07–22.95)

26.00 (21.00–48.00)

22.50 (19.05–28.80)

22.80 (16.25–25.75)

0.033

Lactate dehydrogenase (U l−1) (median (IQR))

206.05 (193.72–227.10)

228.00 (194.00–262.00)

171.50 (158.30–191.75)

174.00 (150.50–194.23)

<0.001

Creatine kinase (U l−1) (median (IQR))

99.20 (75.28–134.25)

67.00 (38.10–99.00)

54.90 (26.65–68.30)

38.00 (27.50–85.62)

0.008

C-reactive protein (mg l−1) median (IQR))

1.20 (0.80–3.05)

8.50 (1.20–10.00)

1.20 (0.65–4.45)

1.82 (0.72–3.41)

0.051

Myoglobin (median (IQR))

17.00 (11.00–24.22)

21.00 (13.00–22.94)

12.00 (10.00–22.00)

21.00 (11.00–21.00)

0.581

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (median (IQR))

12.50 (6.75–17.25)

17.00 (8.00–33.00)

20.00 (10.00–43.00)

34.00 (14.00–53.00)

0.135

Lymphocyte count (median (IQR))

1,730.00 (1,472.28–2,245.25)

1,630.65 (1,005.00–1,863.00)

2,141.00 (1,778.50– 2,453.00)

1,628.31 (1,425.08–2,353.41)

0.01

T-cell frequency (median (IQR))

71.03 (66.94–73.84)

63.02 (56.68–75.00)

76.07 (73.41–81.03)

73.45 (66.50–81.50)

0.003

T-cell count (median (IQR))

1,233.50 (874.75–1,550.75)

1,039.00 (665.00–1,326.00)

1,625.00 (1,324.00–1,948.50)

1,347.00 (1,099.25–1,601.25)

0.001

CD8 frequency (median (IQR))

24.90 (21.29–27.79)

25.63 (21.00–34.00)

27.99 (24.57–31.27)

27.00 (23.92–32.86)

0.29

CD8 count (median (IQR))

406.50 (298.00–581.75)

438.00 (266.00–532.00)

607.00 (488.50–738.50)

464.00 (389.75–650.75)

0.016

CD4 frequency (median (IQR))

42.82 (40.15–47.51)

33.39 (30.41–41.00)

46.19 (38.02–50.26)

41.84 (33.25–47.50)

0.01

CD4 count (median (IQR))

699.50 (576.00–1,057.75)

503.00 (330.00–747.00)

872.00 (712.50–1,072.50)

670.50 (558.25–949.50)

0.004

CD4/CD8 ratio (median (IQR))

1.78 (1.58–2.28)

1.28 (1.02–1.70)

1.67 (1.09–2.17)

1.46 (1.17–2.18)

0.155

NK cell frequency (median (IQR))

11.50 (7.50–23.75)

18.00 (12.00–24.00)

10.00 (6.00–12.00)

12.50 (9.00–20.25)

0.027

NK cell count (median (IQR))

187.50 (138.25–333.50)

215.00 (175.84–433.00)

216.00 (136.50–332.00)

181.12 (142.77–350.33)

0.779

B-cell frequency (median (IQR))

13.00 (8.94–17.50)

12.00 (8.00–18.00)

11.00 (7.88–13.00)

10.50 (7.25–13.75)

0.247

B-cell count (median (IQR))

236.50 (135.00–304.50)

173.71 (116.23–251.29)

220.00 (146.50–279.50)

155.34 (112.26–279.70)

0.472

  1. Data are shown as medians and interquartile range (IQR) or n and the percentage. P values were computed using χ² tests for categorical variables or two-sided Kruskal–Wallis tests for continuous variables. CD4, CD4 T cells; CD8, CD8 T cells; WBCs, white blood cells. aP value on clinical grade was based on comparison among symptomatic S2, S3 and convalescent S4 patients excluding S1. Clinical grade classification was infeasible for presymtomatic S1 patients who did not exhibit any clinical symptoms at the time of blood collection.
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