Extended Data Fig. 2: Bioinformatics profiling of the effect of GSE on genome-wide expression of senescent cells.
From: The flavonoid procyanidin C1 has senotherapeutic activity and increases lifespan in mice
(a) Quantitative analysis of SASP factor expression at transcription level upon treatment of BLEO-induced senescent cells with different concentrations of GSE in culture. P values were calculated by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple-comparison test. (b) Heatmap depicting the expression landscape of senescent cells and their counterparts exposed to GSE (0.1875 μg/ml). Note there were 2644 and 1472 genes, expression of which was significantly downregulated and upregulated by GSE, respectively. (c) Heatmap depicting the expression profiles of human genes in CTRL cells, SEN cells or SEN cells treated by GSE. According to the fold change of transcript expression, the top 50 genes are displayed. (d) GSEA plot of significant gene set indicative of a typical SASP. (e) GSEA plot of significant gene set associated with the activation of NF-κB signaling. For d and e, P values were calculated by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc comparison. (f) Immunoblot analysis of DNA damage repair signaling, p65 nuclear translocation and CXCL8 expression in PSC27 cells (CTRL or SEN) exposed to GSE treatment. L, a representative low concentration (0.1875 μg/ml). H, a representative high concentration (3.7500 μg/ml). Cellular senescence was induced by the genotoxic chemical bleomycin (BLEO), which causes a typical TIS. For all datasets, cells were collected for analyses 3 days after GSE treatment in culture condition. Data in a and f are representative of 3 independent biological replicates.
