Extended Data Fig. 2: Electron acceptor availability dictates proliferation rate in the absence of exogenous lipids.
From: Cancer cells depend on environmental lipids for proliferation when electron acceptors are limited
a, Proliferation rates of H1299, PANC-1, AL1376, A549, and 143B cells cultured in media +lipids or –lipids in normoxia (21% oxygen) or hypoxia (0.5% or 1% oxygen), without or with pyruvate (1 mM, P) and/or lactate (10 mM, L) as indicated (n = 3 per condition from a representative experiment). b, Proliferation rate of HeLa cells cultured in media +lipids or –lipids with a titration of phenformin (Complex I inhibitor), rotenone (Complex I inhibitor), or antimycin A (Complex III inhibitor) as indicated (n = 3 per condition from a representative experiment). c, Proliferation rate of H1299 cells cultured in media +lipids or –lipids with a titration of phenformin, rotenone, or antimycin A as indicated (n = 3 per condition from a representative experiment). d, Proliferation rates of HeLa cells cultured in media containing the indicated doses of Phenformin with dialyzed fetal bovine serum that has been untreated, delipidated and reconstituted with 1% Lipid Mixture (2 μg/ml arachidonic and 10 μg/ml each linoleic, linolenic, myristic, oleic, palmitic and stearic acid, and 0.22 mg/ml cholesterol), or delipidated and reconstituted with Tween-80 and Pluronic F-68 equivalent to what is present in 1% Lipid Mixture (n = 3 per condition from a representative experiment). e, Proliferation rates of HeLa cells cultured in media –lipids treated with phenformin (100 µM), when indicated, and supplemented with either 1% Lipid Mixture or the equivalent amounts of oleate (O) and/or mevalonate (M) found in 1% Lipid Mixture (n = 3 per condition from a representative experiment). f, Proliferation rates of H1299 cells cultured in media –lipids treated with phenformin (10 µM), when indicated, and supplemented with either 1% Lipid Mixture or the equivalent amounts of oleate (O) and/or mevalonate (M) found in 1% Lipid Mixture (n = 3 per condition from a representative experiment). All bar charts show means with error bars representing ± s.d. Unpaired Student’s t-test was performed where statistics are shown. All experiments were repeated three times or more.
