Extended Data Fig. 2: Increase of adaptive thermogenesis in male adipocyte Pak4 KO mice after cold exposure.
From: p21-activated kinase 4 counteracts PKA-dependent lipolysis by phosphorylating FABP4 and HSL
a. Eight-week-old male adipocyte Pak4 KO mice and their wild-type (WT) littermates were housed at 30 °C for 1 day and then exposed to cold (6 °C). The rectal temperature of mice was measured at indicated time points after cold exposure (n = 5). b. Representative infrared image showing Pak4 KO and WT mice (upper panel) and gross morphology of EAT, IAT and BAT (lower panel) housed at 6 °C for three days. c. Weights of EAT, IAT and BAT are presented as percentages of body weight (BW) (n = 4). d. IAT and BAT were H&E stained or immunostained with an antibody against UCP1. Bars=50 μm. e. Protein levels of thermogenic markers and phosphorylation levels of lipolysis-related proteins were determined by Western blotting. f. Representative transmission electron micrographs of IAT after 3-day cold exposure. Numbers (n = 6) and sizes (n = 21) of mitochondria were determined from images. g. Western blot analysis of OxPhos complex in IAT (n = 6). Data are representative of at least three independent experiments. Values are mean ± SD. Unpaired two-tailed t-test between two groups (c, f, g) and one-way repeated measure ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc analysis (a) were conducted for statistical analyses. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. TH1, tyrosine hydroxylase 1.
