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Adipose tissue as a linchpin of organismal ageing

Nature Metabolism volume 6, pages 793–807 (2024)Cite this article

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Abstract

Ageing is a conserved biological process, modulated by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, that leads to changes in life expectancy. In humans, ageing is characterized by greatly increased prevalence of cardiometabolic disease, type 2 diabetes and disorders associated with impaired immune surveillance. Adipose tissue displays species-conserved, temporal changes with ageing, including redistribution from peripheral to central depots, loss of thermogenic capacity and expansion within the bone marrow. Adipose tissue is localized to discrete depots, and also diffusely distributed within multiple organs and tissues in direct proximity to specialized cells. Thus, through their potent endocrine properties, adipocytes are capable of modulating tissue and organ function throughout the body. In addition to adipocytes, multipotent progenitor/stem cells in adipose tissue play a crucial role in maintenance and repair of tissues throughout the lifetime. Adipose tissue may therefore be a central driver for organismal ageing and age-associated diseases. Here we review the features of adipose tissue during ageing, and discuss potential mechanisms by which these changes affect whole-body metabolism, immunity and longevity. We also explore the potential of adipose tissue-targeted therapies to ameliorate age-associated disease burdens.

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Fig. 1: Effects of ageing on human adipose tissues, and species in which similar changes have been reported.
Fig. 2: Changes in cellular composition of adipose tissue with ageing.
Fig. 3: Gene expression changes in stromal progenitor cells with ageing.
Fig. 4: Differential gene expression analysis in young and aged adipose tissue.
Fig. 5: Systemic consequences of adipose tissue ageing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, UMass Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, MA, USA

    Tammy T. Nguyen

  2. Diabetes Center of Excellence, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA

    Tammy T. Nguyen & Silvia Corvera

  3. Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA

    Silvia Corvera

  4. Program in Molecular Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA

    Silvia Corvera

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Nguyen, T.T., Corvera, S. Adipose tissue as a linchpin of organismal ageing. Nat Metab 6, 793–807 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-024-01046-3

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