Table 3 Subcutaneous abdominal adipocyte size in WE and SA men at baseline and after weight gain

From: Weight gain leads to greater adverse metabolic responses in South Asian compared with white European men: the GlasVEGAS study

 

Baseline

Change with weight gain

 
 

WE (n = 17)

SA (n = 13)

Pbaseline ethnicity

WE (n = 17)

SA (n = 13)

Pweight gain

Pethnicity × weight gain

Pethnicity × weight gain (adjusted for baseline)*

Mean adipocyte diameter (mm)

64.8 ± 2.2

76.3 ± 3.4

0.006

5.0 ± 2.1

1.4 ± 2.7

0.06

0.29

0.90

Adipocyte volume (nl per 100 cells)

17.98 ± 1.61

31.60 ± 4.87

0.006

3.89 ± 1.66

0.33 ± 3.80

0.28

0.36

0.77

Proportion of very small adipocytes (% cells)

2.9 ± 0.8

3.8 ± 1.0

0.48

−1.9 ± 0.8

−0.1 ± 1.1

0.16

0.20

<0.0001

Proportion of small adipocytes (% cells)

60.0 ± 4.1

37.1 ± 6.1

0.003

−6.2 ± 4.2

−1.9 ± 3.7

0.17

0.47

0.98

Proportion of medium adipocytes (% cells)

28.0 ± 3.1

33.0 ± 3.6

0.30

3.4 ± 3.1

−0.8 ± 3.8

0.59

0.40

0.85

Proportion of large adipocytes (% cells)

9.1 ± 2.2

26.2 ± 5.8

0.005

4.7 ± 2.3

2.8 ± 5.1

0.16

0.72

0.99

Volume of very small adipocytes (nl per 100 total cells)

0.02 ± 0.01

0.02 ± 0.01

0.52

−0.01 ± 0.01

0.00 ± 0.01

0.11

0.21

<0.0001

Volume of small adipocytes (nl per 100 total cells)

5.63 ± 0.25

3.64 ± 0.58

0.002

−0.16 ± 0.33

−0.01 ± 0.37

0.74

0.76

0.97

Volume of medium adipocytes (nl per 100 total cells)

7.36 ± 0.82

8.87 ± 0.98

0.25

0.90 ± 0.85

−0.16 ± 1.07

0.59

0.44

0.99

Volume of large adipocytes (nl per 100 total cells)

4.97 ± 1.23

19.06 ± 5.69

0.01

3.16 ± 1.50

0.50 ± 4.75

0.42

0.56

0.59

  1. Values are the mean ± s.e.m.
  2. Very small adipocytes, ≤30 μm diameter; small adipocytes, 31–70 μm; medium adipocytes, 71–90 μm; large adipocytes, >90 μm.
  3. P for statistical significance adjusted from 0.05 to 0.02 to control the familywise error rate for multiple comparisons using the method described by Tukey et al.45.
  4. Pbaseline ethnicity difference between WEs and SAs at baseline (unpaired t-test, two-sided)
  5. Pweight gain main effect of weight gain intervention (two-way ANOVA, two-sided)
  6. Pethnicity × weight gain ethnicity × weight gain intervention interaction (two-way ANOVA, two-sided)
  7. *Pbaseline value × weight gain ethnicity × weight gain intervention interaction (two-way ANCOVA, adjusted for baseline values, two-sided)
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