Extended Data Fig. 3: 4HPAA, 3HPP, and 4HPP have similar anti-obesity effects.
a, Body weight growth curve of HFD-fed female C57BL/6 mice treated with or without 4HPAA in drinking water. Error bars indicate mean ± SEM, n = 10 mice per group. Statistical analysis was performed using the two-tailed Mann-Whitney test. Experiments were repeated twice with similar results. b-d, The fecal 4HPAA (b), 3HPP (c), and 4HPP (d) levels after 4HPAA, 3HPP, and 4HPP treatment, respectively (n = 16 mice in the control group and n = 8 mice for other groups). Error bars indicate mean ± SD. Statistical analysis was performed using the two-tailed Mann-Whitney test. e, The Venn diagram shows that the upregulated metabolites in the 4HPAA, 4HPP, and 3HPP groups are largely overlapped. Partial least squares discriminant analysis and unpaired Student’s t-test were used. All statistical tests were two-sided. f, The heat map shows the overlapped upregulated metabolites in (e). Experiments were repeated twice independently with similar results.
