Fig. 2: Oral intake of 4HPAA, 3HPP or 4HPP suppresses weight gain in HFD-fed mice.
a, Schematic of oral treatment in the HFD mouse model and a representative image of normal diet (ND)-fed, HFD-fed and HFD-fed plus 4HPAA-treated (8 weeks) mice. b, Box and whisker plots showing weight gain in ND-fed and HFD-fed mice with or without 4HPAA treatment for 8 weeks (n = 11 mice per group). c, Box and whisker plots showing the body fat percentage of ND-fed and HFD-fed mice with or without 4HPAA treatment for 8 weeks (n = 5 mice per group). d, Structural formulas of 4HPAA, 3HPP, 4HPP and tyrosol. e, Body weight growth curve of ND- and HFD-fed mice with or without treatment with 4HPAA, 4HPP, 3HPP or tyrosol in the drinking water. Data are shown as mean ± s.e.m. f, Box and whisker plots showing the body weight gain of ND- or HFD-fed mice with or without oral treatment of 4HPAA, 4HPP, 3HPP or tyrosol for 10 weeks. g, Box and whisker plots showing the body fat percentage of ND- and HFD-fed mice with or without oral treatment with 4HPAA, 4HPP, 3HPP or tyrosol for 10 weeks. In e–g, n = 5 mice in the ND groups and 15 mice in other groups. In all box and whisker plots, box limits indicate the interquartile range, centre line denotes the median, and the upper and lower whiskers indicate maximum and minimum values. Statistical analysis was performed using the two-tailed Mann–Whitney U test. All experiments were repeated at least twice independently, with similar results.
