Fig. 3: The metabolites alleviate adipocyte hypertrophy and hepatic steatosis.

a–c, The average diameters of adipocytes in iBAT (a), iWAT (b) and eWAT (c) were measured and plotted on the charts (n = 15 mice per group). d, Representative images of H&E-stained liver sections from ND- or HFD-fed mice orally treated with or without 4HPAA, 4HPP, 3HPP or tyrosol after 10 weeks. Scale bar, 100 μm. e, Fatty liver histological scores were assessed and plotted on the diagram. Data are shown as mean ± s.e.m., n = 5 mice in the ND groups and 6 mice in the other groups. Statistical analysis was performed using the two-tailed Mann–Whitney U test. All experiments were biologically repeated twice, with similar results.