Fig. 6: lithiation–delithiation kinetics.

a Schematic illustration of the half-cell potential during a GITT pulse. b GITT curves of the first cycle of Li2FeS2−xFx for \(x\) = 0 and 0.3. GITT was obtained at C/5 for a 30 min pulse, followed by 5 h relaxation periods. c Variation of \({D}_{{{Li}}^{+}}\) at various charge and discharge states. The diffusion coefficient \({D}_{{{Li}}^{+}}\) was calculated using the GITT curves. d, e Nyquist plots and equivalent circuit model of cathode, respectively.