Fig. 2: CO2 emissions and removals associated with mineral-based carbon dioxide removal (CDR) methods applied to soils and their synergies.

(1) Addition of minerals to soil for enhanced weathering (EW) and soil organic matter (SOM) formation, (2) biochar/mineral-biochar production and addition to soil for inorganic carbon formation through enhanced weathering, (3) biochar/mineral-biochar production and addition to soil for soil organic matter formation.