Fig. 2: Winter Saharan dust impact on tropical Atlantic precipitation, winds, and SST.
From: Influence of winter Saharan dust on equatorial Atlantic variability

a–f Regression maps of seasonal anomalies of sea surface temperature (SSTA; shaded), surface wind (arrows), and total precipitation anomalies ([mm day−1]; green contours) regressed onto the winter (JFM) Dust Aerosol Optical Depth index (DAOD anomalies averaged over the defined TNA region [45∘W–18∘W and 0∘–20∘N] for the period 1994 to 2022). Units are normalized by one standard deviation of the DAOD index. SSTA values at the 90% confidence level based on a two-tailed Student’s t-test are highlighted; precipitation values and wind vectors with confidence level lower than 90% are not shown.