Fig. 5: Time series showing the total area of land below sea level for the Mapunapuna area (see Fig. 3 for extent of data). | Communications Earth & Environment

Fig. 5: Time series showing the total area of land below sea level for the Mapunapuna area (see Fig. 3 for extent of data).

From: Coastal land subsidence accelerates timelines for future flood exposure in Hawai'i

Fig. 5

The lines show the estimated area without accounting for subsidence (solid black), area accounting for subsidence (dashed black), and the difference between the dashed and solid black lines (solid blue). The lower and upper bounds are shown with gray shading and are based on Monte Carlo simulation using uncertainties for the DEM elevations, VLM rates, and SLR projections (Section "Flood exposure model").

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