Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Down to Business
  • Published:

Eco-friendly insect control in crop production

Insect pest control, which is essential for food and crop production, typically relies on chemical insecticides. At Yngvi Bio, we repurpose bacterial contractile injection systems as biodegradable insecticides, offering ecological safety, target specificity and a scalable path to market.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Fig. 1: End-to-end development of contractile injection system-based biologics in agriculture.

References

  1. Cai, P. & Dimopoulos, G. Microbial biopesticides: A one health perspective on benefits and risks. One Health 20, 100962 (2025).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Liu, D.-D. et al. in RNA interference in Agriculture: Basic Science to Applications: From Bioinformatics and Laboratory Assays Over Regulatory Issues to Field Uses (eds Smagghe, G. et al.) 183–248 (Springer Nature, 2025).

  3. Zhang, Y.-M. et al. Peptides, new tools for plant protection in eco-agriculture. Advanced Agrochem. 2, 5878 (2023).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Geller, A. M. et al. The extracellular contractile injection system is enriched in environmental microbes and associates with numerous toxins. Nat. Commun. 12, 3743 (2021).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Heiman, C. M., Vacheron, J. & Keel, C. Evolutionary and ecological role of extracellular contractile injection systems: from threat to weapon. Front. Microbiol. 14, 1264877 (2023).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Danov, A. et al. Identification of novel toxins associated with the extracellular contractile injection system using machine learning. Mol. Syst. Biol. 20, 859–879 (2024).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Rybakova, D. et al. Role of antifeeding prophage (Afp) protein Afp16 in terminating the length of the Afp tailocin and stabilizing its sheath. Mol. Microbiol. 89, 702–714 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Kreitz, J. et al. Programmable protein delivery with a bacterial contractile injection system. Nature 616, 357–364 (2023).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by InnoExplorer (grant 4293-00017A), Villum Foundation Spin-Outs Denmark (grant 00035078) and Copenhagen University Proof-of Concept funding (grant 521-0795/21-7000) to E.M.S.R. and K.V.H., as well as the NFF Synergy (grant NNF23OC0086059) and DFF green research grants (4307-00218B) to K.V.H. in the early proof-of-concept development and technology validation of the Yngvi Bio platform.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Eva M. Steiner-Rebrova or Kenneth V. Halberg.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

E.M.S.R. and K.V.H. are co-founders of Yngvi Bio ApS and have received financial support related to this work from BioInnovation Institute (BII), Innovationsfonden, Villum Foundation and Novo Nordisk Foundation Synergy. EMSR is inventor on the patent application PCT/EP2023/068102.

Additional information

Related links

40% of the global crop yield are lost to pests and diseases annually: https://www.fao.org/plant-production-protection/about/en

2023 IBMA survey: https://ibma-global.org/press-releases/biocontrol-market-now-worth-over-1-6-billion-euro-but-eu-policies-a-bottleneck-to-unlocking-full-potential

Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) 2023–27: https://agriculture.ec.europa.eu/common-agricultural-policy/cap-overview/cap-2023-27_en

European Commission (EC) has signalled intent to modernize the approval pathway for biologics: https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_24_1570

Sustainable Use of Pesticides Directive: https://food.ec.europa.eu/plants/pesticides/sustainable-use-pesticides_en

The European Biosolutions Coalition: https://www.eubiocoalition.eu/

The International Biocontrol Manufacturers Association (IBMA): https://ibma-global.org/ibma-policy-asks

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Steiner-Rebrova, E.M., Halberg, K.V. Eco-friendly insect control in crop production. Nat Rev Bioeng 3, 721–723 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s44222-025-00332-3

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s44222-025-00332-3

Search

Quick links

Nature Briefing: Translational Research

Sign up for the Nature Briefing: Translational Research newsletter — top stories in biotechnology, drug discovery and pharma.

Get what matters in translational research, free to your inbox weekly. Sign up for Nature Briefing: Translational Research