Fig. 1: Overview of changes in the antibacterial pipeline and antibacterial approvals.
From: Antibiotics re-booted—time to kick back against drug resistance
Top: Evolution of the clinical pipeline of antibiotics since 2011, derived from assessments by Butler et al.93,94,95,96,97, the WHO (2018)98 and 202399,100,101), the Pew Trust (2019102,103), and The Biotechnology Innovation Organization (BIO) (Oct 2021104) compared to non-traditional antimicrobials in 2015 (Czaplewski et al.)107 2019 (Pew Trust)251 and 202399. Bottom: The number of antibiotics approved each year over the past 25 years (see SI for detailed list). Where indicated by the reference, divided into antibiotic spectrum of activity. Note that summaries complied by different entities have varying inclusion/exclusion criteria (e.g. TB drugs, topicals, virulence agents) so the totals are not directly comparable.
