Fig. 1: Polymer synthesis and MP fabrication with PAE.
From: Degradable poly(β-amino ester) microparticles for cleansing products and food fortification
a, Schemes for the synthesis of PAE with piperazine (PP), TDP and isosorbide diacrylate. b, A schematic depiction of the PAE MP fabrication using a modified emulsion method. c, Five ratios of PP and TDP were used for PAE synthesis. P3 to P5 compositions successfully formed solid MPs, whereas P1 and P2 did not. d, Increasing hydrophobicity for P3, P4 and P5 polymers as demonstrated by water contact angle measurement (n = 5 independent replicates; P3 versus P5, P = 0.040). e–j, SEM images showing the surface morphology of PAE MPs formed by P3 (e (low magnification) and f (high magnification)), P4 (g (low magnification) and h (high magnification)) and P5 (i (low magnification) and j (high magnification)) polymers. Data are presented as mean ± s.d. Statistical significance was evaluated using two-tailed Student’s t-test. P ≤ 0.05 is statistically significant, with *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, ***P ≤ 0.001 and ****P ≤ 0.0001.
