Fig. 2
Beam-forming of a 1-D linear array in the ZOY plane, where an imaginary plane wave in the target direction \({{\rm{u}}}_{{\rm{i}}}=[0,\,\sin \,{{\rm{\theta }}}_{Y}]\) is sampled and reconstructed by array elements organized along the Y axis. By drawing a sinusoidal reference along the wave vector, it is notable that the required element phase for beamforming corresponds to the phase value sampled by the array geometry, as indicated by Eq. (2).
