Fig. 3: Beam steering and aliasing of 2D optical phased arrays. | npj Nanophotonics

Fig. 3: Beam steering and aliasing of 2D optical phased arrays.

From: Progress and prospects for LiDAR-oriented optical phased arrays based on photonic integrated circuits

Fig. 3

Grating lobe diagram generated with MATLAB sensor array toolbox: (a) Uniform rectangular array (URA) with \({\Lambda }_{X}={\Lambda }_{Y}=0.5{{\rm{\lambda }}}_{0}\) when beam is steered to [i] the broadside direction, [ii] the end-fire direction along X-axis, and [iii] the end-fire direction of the Y-axis; (b) URA with \({\Lambda }_{X}={\Lambda }_{Y}=0.75{{\boldsymbol{\lambda }}}_{{\boldsymbol{0}}}\) when beam is steered to [i] the broadside direction, and when the grating lobe enters the free-space due to beam-steering in the [ii] X and [iii] Y axis.

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