Table 8 Demonstrations of aperiodic OPAs

From: Progress and prospects for LiDAR-oriented optical phased arrays based on photonic integrated circuits

Year & Publications

Scale

Average Pitch (\({{\boldsymbol{\lambda }}}_{0}\))

Filled Ratio (%)

BFL (dB)

SLSR (dB)

2011120

12

2.72

12.7

6.8

7.3

201530

32

2.85

51

3.2 i

5.5 ii

2016123

128

5.57

5.6

NA

10

202125

128

19.9

3.2

~13

10

2022135

255

NA iii

1.6

28.2

4

2022230

256

3.9

6.5

17 iv

11

2023134

128

2.1

55

4.6

14

2023114

256

4.55

14.2

12.5

8.9

2023124

64

20.16

3.2

<9.6 v

10

2024125

120

~50

~3.1 vi

20.9

6 ~ 12.8

  1. i This device has a Gaussian amplitude distribution, which widens the main-lobe and concentrates more power within the main-lobe.
  2. ii Designed as 10.6 ~ 13.9 dB, degradation attributed to inconsistent channel-wise gain and three SOA failures within the array.
  3. iii This is a 2-D circular array. The pitch can be averaged but has no specific meaning.
  4. iv This was designed to be 10 dB, with degradation attributed to phase-error accumulation within the emitting aperture.
  5. v This value was reported for both grating emission and beam-forming, but it is a significant outlier among the gathered data. The reader is advised to take this value with a grain of salt.
  6. vi Grating dimension estimated from the attached SEM picture, which is a rough estimate.
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