Fig. 1: Simplified representation of the Populus circadian clock inspired by Bendix et al.²⁶⁶, Fogelmark and Troein²⁶⁷, and Singh et al.²⁶⁸.

Relevant proteins comprising or pertaining to the Populus clock are schematically grouped and colored-coded based on their major physiological function. Proteins related to the photoreception of far-red, red, or blue light are highlighted in pink, red, or light blue, respectively. Key components of the central clock oscillator are encircled or highlighted in white, while other clock-associated proteins are highlighted in light green. Termination arrows indicate negative effects. Proteins known to regulate growth or phenology are highlighted in dark green, and those linked to stress or growth hormones are represented in gray or orange, respectively. The shaded blue outer perimeter denotes key traits influenced by the clock.