Fig. 3: TCO per service mileage.
From: Evaluating costs and operations of public bus fleet electrification
a Breakdown of the average TCO per service mileage for the cost components vehicles, maintenance, charging infrastructure, energy, and drivers for electric buses (EB) and diesel buses (DB). The TCO per service mileage was calculated by unweighted averaging across all networks, crew scenarios, and bus concepts. b Breakdown of the average TCO per service mileage for the cost components vehicles, maintenance, charging infrastructure, energy, and drivers per service mile for all bus concepts. The TCO per service mileage was calculated by unweighted averaging across all networks and crew scenarios. c Breakdown of the average TCO per service mileage for the cost components vehicles, maintenance, charging infrastructure, energy, and drivers for DB and EB and crew scenarios A and B. The TCO per service mileage was calculated by unweighted averaging across all networks. d Distribution of the relative change in TCO compared to the diesel reference for all electric bus concepts.
