Table 1 Clinical Characteristics of Participants by Controlled Attenuation Parameter and Liver Stiffness
From: Association of metabolic abnormalities and the risk of hepatic fibrosis
Overall | CAP < 285 dB/m | CAP ≥ 285 dB/m | p | LSM < 8 kPa | LSM ≥ 8 kPa | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 1711 | n = 1193 | n = 518 | n = 1598 | n = 113 | |||
Age, yr | 46.71 (17.77) | 45.89 (18.32) | 48.62 (16.29) | 0.004 | 46.45 (17.82) | 50.39 (16.65) | 0.023 |
Male sex, % | 806 (47.1) | 528 (44.3) | 278 (53.7) | <0.001 | 745 (46.6) | 61 (54.0) | 0.156 |
Race, % | |||||||
Black | 391 (28.2) | 303 (31.8) | 88 (20.2) | <0.001 | 369 (28.6) | 22 (22.7) | 0.271 |
Hispanic | 398 (28.7) | 250 (26.3) | 148 (33.9) | 364 (28.2) | 34 (35.1) | ||
White | 599 (43.2) | 399 (41.9) | 200 (45.9) | 558 (43.2) | 41 (42.3) | ||
Education level, % | |||||||
Below college | 510 (34.4) | 339 (33.0) | 171 (37.7) | 0.093 | 467 (33.8) | 43 (43.9) | 0.054 |
College and above | 971 (65.6) | 688 (67.0) | 283 (62.3) | 916 (66.2) | 55 (56.1) | ||
BMI, kg/m2 | 28.87 (7.13) | 26.99 (6.09) | 33.24 (7.43) | <0.001 | 28.33 (6.35) | 36.70 (11.65) | <0.001 |
Overweight/ obesity, % | 1156 (67.6) | 690 (57.8) | 466 (90.0) | <0.001 | 1063 (66.5) | 93 (82.3) | 0.001 |
Waist, cm | 97.39 (16.34) | 92.42 (14.20) | 108.92 (15.12) | <0.001 | 96.32 (15.38) | 113.42 (21.17) | <0.001 |
SBP, mmHg | 123.29 (19.25) | 121.22 (19.24) | 128.22 (18.39) | <0.001 | 122.59 (18.98) | 133.55 (20.36) | <0.001 |
DBP, mmHg | 72.34 (11.95) | 71.04 (12.08) | 75.43 (11.05) | <0.001 | 72.15 (11.74) | 75.08 (14.50) | 0.019 |
ALT, IU/L | 17.00 (13.00–25.00) | 16.00 (12.00–22.00) | 21.00 (15.00–31.00) | <0.001 | 17.00 (12.00–24.00) | 21.00 (14.00–31.00) | <0.001 |
AST, IU/L | 19.00 (16.00–23.00) | 19.00 (15.25–22.00) | 20.00 (16.00–26.00) | <0.001 | 19.00 (16.00–23.00) | 20.50 (16.00–28.00) | 0.001 |
ALB, g/L | 40.00 (38.00–42.00) | 40.00 (39.00–43.00) | 40.00 (38.00–42.00) | 0.002 | 40.00 (38.00–42.00) | 39.50 (38.00–41.00) | 0.004 |
Platelet, 10^9/L | 233.00 (198.00–275.00) | 230.00 (196.00–272.00) | 238.00 (204.25–280.75) | 0.006 | 233.00 (199.00–275.00) | 227.00 (192.00–269.00) | 0.153 |
Creatinine, umol/L | 74.26 (61.88–87.52) | 74.26 (62.76–87.52) | 74.26 (61.00–85.75) | 0.164 | 74.26 (61.88–87.52) | 76.02 (62.76–89.28) | 0.547 |
Total bilirubin, | 0.40 (0.30–0.60) | 0.40 (0.30–0.60) | 0.40 (0.30–0.60) | 0.196 | 0.40 (0.30–0.60) | 0.40 (0.30–0.60) | 0.735 |
HDL-C, mg/dL | 53.00 (44.00–63.00) | 55.00 (46.00–66.00) | 48.00 (41.00–57.00) | <0.001 | 53.00 (44.00–63.00) | 48.00 (42.00–61.00) | 0.032 |
LDL-C, mg/dL | 110.00 (89.00–133.00) | 107.00 (87.00–129.25) | 116.00 (95.00–137.00) | <0.001 | 110.00 (89.00–133.00) | 115.00 (90.00–138.00) | 0.231 |
Triglyceride, mg/dL | 84.00 (57.25–124.00) | 75.00 (52.00–110.00) | 106.00 (78.00–156.00) | <0.001 | 83.00 (57.00–124.00) | 90.00 (66.00–132.00) | 0.089 |
Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 101.00 (95.00–107.00) | 99.00 (94.00–106.00) | 104.00 (98.00–111.00) | <0.001 | 101.00 (95.00–107.00) | 104.00 (98.00–112.00) | <0.001 |
Fasting insulin, mg/dL | 9.07 (5.83–14.10) | 7.68 (5.06–11.41) | 13.50 (8.93–21.43) | <0.001 | 8.89 (5.76–13.65) | 13.35 (7.63–23.15) | <0.001 |
HOMA-IR | 2.25 (1.40–3.63) | 1.90 (1.21–2.83) | 3.55 (2.25–5.49) | <0.001 | 2.20 (1.39–3.51) | 3.36 (1.98–6.16) | <0.001 |
HbA1c, % | 5.40 (5.20–5.70) | 5.40 (5.20–5.70) | 5.60 (5.30–5.80) | <0.001 | 5.40 (5.20–5.70) | 5.55 (5.30–5.80) | 0.001 |
hsCRP, mg/L | 1.62 (0.80–3.84) | 1.37 (0.69–3.12) | 2.85 (1.21–5.21) | <0.001 | 1.57 (0.78–3.63) | 3.46 (1.47–5.92) | <0.001 |
Alcohol, % | 609 (35.6) | 427 (35.8) | 182 (35.1) | 0.837 | 566 (35.4) | 43 (38.1) | 0.643 |
CAP, dB/m | 250.00 (212.00–294.00) | 228.00 (198.00–254.00) | 317.50 (299.00–344.00) | <0.001 | 247.00 (211.00–290.00) | 309.00 (252.00–357.00) | <0.001 |
Fibrosis, % | 113 (6.6) | 41 (3.4) | 72 (13.9) | <0.001 | 0 (0.0) | 113 (100.0) | <0.001 |
Cirrhosis, % | 32 (1.9) | 11 (0.9) | 21 (4.1) | <0.001 | 0 (0.0) | 32 (28.3) | <0.001 |
