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Blish and Lee review the response of natural killer cells to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

The James Webb Space Telescope has detected water ice in the cold debris disk (analogous to the Kuiper belt) around the star HD 181327.

The debilitating loss of muscle and strength that comes with age is being recognized as a disease that could be treated.

Initially, the devastating 12 January 2010 Haiti earthquake seemed to involve straightforward accommodation of the motion between the Caribbean and North American plates. A combination of seismological observations, geologic field data and space geodetic measurements shows that the rupture process may have involved slip on multiple faults, but lacked significant surface deformation.

A slide-free, inexpensive and non-destructive microscopy technique rapidly provides high-resolution histology images that resemble those obtained from conventional haematoxylin-and-eosin-stained specimens.

Hauf and colleagues modulate the amount of spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) proteins in fission yeast, revealing that a small reduction can cause checkpoint errors. However, levels of critical proteins normally show little variation, which explains the robustness of the SAC.

The Massalia asteroid family is identified as the remnant of the collisional event that gave rise to ordinary L chondrites, the most abundant class of meteorites in our collections.

High coupling efficiency between laser-induced hohlraum X-rays and targets is essential for reaching long-sought regimes for viable inertial confinement fusion. Experiments with a rugby hohlraum shape and an improved capsule now allow demonstration of more than 30%.

A dormant supermassive black hole at high redshift that is substantially overmassive relative to its host galaxy has been detected, indicating a much larger population of dormant black holes around the epoch of reionization.

Near-infrared spectroscopic observations of the young extrasolar planet β Pictoris b indicate that it spins significantly faster than any planet in the Solar System, in line with the extrapolation of the known trend in spin velocity with planet mass.

JWST/NIRSpec observations of Abell2744-QSO1 show a high black-hole-to-host mass ratio in the early Universe, which indicates that we are seeing the black hole in a phase of rapid growth, accreting at 30% of the Eddington limit.

The medium-resolution transmission spectrum of the exoplanet WASP-39b, described using observations from the Near Infrared Spectrograph G395H grating aboard JWST, shows significant absorption from CO₂ and H₂O and detection of SO₂.

The transmission spectrum of the exoplanet WASP-39b is obtained using observations from the Single-Object Slitless Spectroscopy mode of the Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph instrument aboard the JWST.

Here, using longitudinal survey and Twitter data, the authors examine the relationship between exposure to Russian Internet Research Agency activities on Twitter and voting behavior and attitudes in the 2016 US election.

Simultaneous observations of TRAPPIST-1 b from JWST at 12.8 and 15 μm indicate that it is probably a bare rock with a mineral-rich surface. However, an alternative scenario with a CO₂-rich atmosphere and hazes could also explain the observations.

Evidence is found for a distant galaxy growing inside-out within the first 700 million years of the Universe. The galaxy has a dense central core comparable in mass density to local massive ellipticals, and an extended star-forming disc.

Pixel-to-pixel variations in sCMOS cameras lead to image artifacts in widefield fluorescence microscopy, and algorithmic corrections require thorough camera characterization. Here, the authors present an open source automated pipeline for camera characterization based solely on thermally generated signal.

Observations of six transiting planets around the bright nearby star HD 110067 show that they follow a chain of resonant orbits, with three of the planets inferring the presence of large hydrogen-dominated atmospheres.

Using the GRAVITY+ instrument, dynamical measurement of the black hole mass in a quasar at a redshift of 2.3 (11 billion years ago) shows how the relationship between galaxies and black holes evolves with time.

Observations of optical flares from AT2022tsd (the ‘Tasmanian Devil’) show that they have durations on the timescale of minutes, occur over a period of months, are highly energetic, are probably nonthermal and have supernova luminosities.

The dayside thermal emission spectrum and brightness temperature map of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-18b obtained from the NIRISS instrument on the JWST showed water emission features, an atmosphere consistent with solar metallicity, as well as a steep and symmetrical decrease in temperature towards the nightside.

This paper presents evidence for dynamical interactions in the very dense regions in the core of galaxies causing two compact objects, such as neutron stars and black holes, to merge, leading to a gamma-ray burst.

Laser frequency combs emit a spectrum of equally spaced peaks that can provide precise frequency references useful for astronomy. Here, the authors demonstrate a frequency comb using electro-optical modulation, which has a line spacing that is resolvable using grating spectrographs unlike the mode-locking approach.

A combined analysis of datasets across four JWST instrument modes provides a benchmark transmission spectrum for the Saturn-mass WASP-39 b. The broad wavelength range and high resolution constrain orbital and stellar parameters to below 1%.

The relationship between autophagy and BRAF signalling is unclear. Here, the authors describe that BRAF inhibition induces the autophagy-lysosomal function in BRAF-mutant melanomas via modulation of the TFEB and ZKSCAN3 transcriptome, which downregulates TGF-β and suppresses melanoma progression.

Experiments at the National Ignition Facility show how delocalization of K-shell electrons is driven by extreme pressure and temperature.

A repeating fast radio burst co-located with a persistent radio source and associated with a dwarf host galaxy of a high star-formation rate has been detected.

Analysis of a set of 1,863 bursts from the repeating source FRB 20201124A provides evidence of a complicated magnetized site within about an astronomical unit from the source in a barred galaxy.

Cash transfers reduced AIDS incidence and mortality among 12.3 million Brazilian women, especially those with overlapping social vulnerabilities, highlighting the role of social protection in addressing health inequalities.

The JWST, with the aid of gravitational lensing, confirms the extreme distance of an ultra-faint galaxy at a redshift of 9.79, showing it to have a luminosity typical of the sources responsible for cosmic reionization and highly compact and complex morphology.

The JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey using NIRCam to find the earliest galaxies reveals the size and star formation rates of four extreme redshift (z > 10) galaxies of the distant Universe.

Images and spectroscopy obtained by the JWST from two HSC-SSP quasars show massive, compact and disc-like galaxies, indicating that the relation between black holes and their host galaxies was in place less than a billion years after the Big Bang.

A method for measuring oxygen abundances using optical and far-infrared emission lines provides absolute metallicities of the interstellar gas in Markarian 71 and could be applied across cosmic history.

THE flat rotation curves of spiral galaxies, including our own, indicate that

they are surrounded by unseen haloes of ‘dark matter’^1,2. In

the absence of a massive halo, stars and gas in the outer portions of a galaxy would

orbit the centre more slowly, just as the outer planets in the Solar System circle the

Sun more slowly than the inner ones. So far, however, there has been no direct

observational evidence for the dark matter, or its characteristics.

Paczyński³suggested that dark bodies in the halo of our Galaxy can

be detected when they act as gravitational ‘microlenses’, amplifying the

light from stars in nearby galaxies. The duration of such an event depends on the mass,

distance and velocity of the dark object. We have been monitoring the brightness of three

million stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud for over three years, and here report the

detection of two possible microlensing events. The brightening of the stars was

symmetrical in time, achromatic and not repeated during the monitoring period. The

timescales of the two events are about thirty days and imply that the masses of the

lensing objects lie between a few hundredths and one solar mass. The number of events

observed is consistent with the number expected if the halo is dominated by objects with

masses in this range.

The reason of the dimming of Betelgeuse is debated. Here, the authors show effective temperature decrease that can be explained by a large spot.

Fisheries bycatch, responsible for the decline of many threatened marine species, is managed with fleet-level controls, but individual operators’ ability to avoid bycatch differs. This study analyses variations in threatened species bycatch among operators from industrial fisheries in Australia.

Understanding the progenitors of type Ia supernova is important for their use as cosmological distance probes. Here the authors identify a candidate for a type Ia supernova that is due to explode in 70 million years: a white dwarf in a binary system with a stripped core-helium-burning star.