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In this study, Yang et al. compile a global dataset to uncover the degree to which plants coordinate root and seed traits. They report a global positive correlation between root diameter and seed size, driven by dual roles of arbuscular mycorrhiza in phosphorus uptake and pathogen defence.

Ising anyons are a promising platform for topological quantum computation, but braiding alone is not universal. Here, authors show that extending to non-semi simple TQFTs introduces new anyon types that enable universal quantum computation with Ising anyons.

During poxvirus-induced shutoff, certain cellular and viral mRNAs continue to be translated through distinct modes of non-canonical initiation, in part due to altered ribosome activity, to produce host and viral proteins that support virus spread.

At terahertz frequencies, link discovery by scanning is impractically slow. Here, the authors propose an alternative, single-shot link-finding method based on a leaky-wave device.

This study reports on self-aggregating injectable microcrystals for administering long-acting drug implants via low-profile needles, a key factor in patient adoption. Microcrystal self-aggregation is engineered through a solvent exchange process to form depots with minimal polymer excipient, demonstrating enhanced long-term release of a model contraceptive drug in rodents.

HPV’s E6 protein promotes cancer by degrading p53. This study reveals the cryoEM structure of HPV16 E6 in complex with E6AP and p53, highlighting their picomolar affinity and large protein-protein interaction interface.

Debris-flow surges can form from the spontaneous growth of small surface instabilities into large waves that amplify flow destructiveness, according to high-resolution in situ measurements combined with a friction inversion and numerical simulations.

Shaping and guiding the flow of ballistic electrons is at the core of electron optics; however in graphene this is hindered by chiral tunneling. Here, the authors experimentally demonstrate an electron collimator based on hBN-encapsulated ballistic graphene, capable of emitting narrow electron beams.

Geospatial estimates of the prevalence of anemia in women of reproductive age across 82 low-income and middle-income countries reveals considerable heterogeneity and inequality at national and subnational levels, with few countries on track to meet the WHO Global Nutrition Targets by 2030.

Transcription factors (TFs) represent an emerging class of therapeutic targets in oncology. Here, the authors develop Epiregulon, a computational method that constructs gene regulatory networks from ChIP-seq, ATAC-seq and RNA-seq data for accurate prediction of TF activity at the single-cell level, thereby facilitating the discovery of therapeutics targeting TFs.

In situ methods for water quality monitoring is crucial for global water use and management, though many conventional sensors have slow response time and are non-recyclable. Here, the authors report a recyclable amphiphobic dielectric material for fast monitoring of water pollutants.

SpaceX’s Inspiration4 mission sent an all-civilian crew into orbit to study physiological, neurovestibular and neurocognitive changes in the astronauts and found that short-duration civilian space missions do not pose a major health risk.

Using well-calibrated statistical methods the authors jointly analyze Undiagnosed Diseases Network genomes, identifying known and novel disease genes. Software is publicly available to support future cross-cohort rare disease discovery efforts.

Together with an accompanying paper presenting a transcriptomic atlas of the mouse lemur, interrogation of the atlas provides a rich body of data to support the use of the organism as a model for primate biology and health.

Nanoscale dimensions can lead to unique functional properties, often achieved via large-amplitude strains. Here, the authors use femtosecond X-rays to visualize light-induced strains in semiconductor nanocrystals, showing that they correspond to anisotropic ‘breathing modes’, which collapse after straining.

FRB 20221022A, detected by the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment Fast Radio Burst project, shows a pronounced change in polarization during the burst, providing important clues into the nature of the source.

During chronic but not acute inflammation, chromatin remodelling is influenced by nuclear autophagy through WSTF interaction with ATG8 in the nucleus, leading to WSTF nuclear export and its subsequent degradation.

Together with a companion paper, the generation of a transcriptomic atlas for the mouse lemur and analyses of example cell types establish this animal as a molecularly tractable primate model organism.

Hybrid MOF-glasses can be shaped and processed in analogy to conventional glasses. Here, microstructures are formed by thermal imprinting, whilst preserved porosity of the material enables its further use in responsive optics.

In this alternative approach to quantum computation, the all-electrical operation of two qubits, each encoded in three physical solid-state spin qubits, realizes swap-based universal quantum logic in an extensible physical architecture.

A non-contact wearable device that defines and modulates a microclimate adjacent to the skin can measure incoming and outgoing streams of vapourized substances, offering valuable insights into physiological health, wound healing and environmental exposures.

A relative potency-adjusted inventory of fine-particulate matter (PM_2.5) established in China reveals sectoral and regional disparities in PM_2.5 emissions, exposures and associated toxic potencies.

Using single-cell genomics, addiction-like behaviors in outbred rats are associated with persistent cell-type-specific molecular signatures in the amygdala, implicating a pivotal role of energy metabolism in cocaine addiction.

Electrophysiological, structural and biochemical studies on the bestrophin-2 anion channel reveal asymmetric permeability to glutamate and show that it forms a cooperative machinery in complex with glutamine synthetase for glutamate release.

A trans-ancestry meta-analysis of GWAS of glycemic traits in up to 281,416 individuals identifies 99 novel loci, of which one quarter was found due to the multi-ancestry approach, which also improves fine-mapping of credible variant sets.

A transcriptomics study demonstrates cell-type-specific responses to differentially aged blood and shows young blood to have restorative and rejuvenating effects that may be invoked through enhanced mitochondrial function.

Optical rotation in a medium, which is typically small, can be enhanced by harnessing spin-orbit interaction in fiber modes. Here the authors use this effect to develop a fiber-based wavelength-measurement technique with high resolution.

Bulk RNA sequencing of organs and plasma proteomics at different ages across the mouse lifespan is integrated with data from the Tabula Muris Senis, a transcriptomic atlas of ageing mouse tissues, to describe organ-specific changes in gene expression during ageing.

A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of type 2 diabetes (T2D) identifies more than 600 T2D-associated loci; integrating physiological trait and single-cell chromatin accessibility data at these loci sheds light on heterogeneity within the T2D phenotype.

A ‘mouse atlas’, comprising single-cell transcriptomic data from more than 100,000 cells from 20 organs and tissues, has been created as a resource for cell biology.

DiMeLo-seq uses native long-read sequencing to examine protein–DNA interactions by mapping exogenous methylation marks generated by a nonspecific DNA methyltransferase, as well as profile endogenous CpG methylation simultaneously.

Ad-sig-hMUC1/ecdCD40L is a recombinant adenovirus vaccine comprising human MUC1 antigen fused to the extracellular domain of the CD40 ligand. Here the authors report the result of a phase I clinical trial of Ad-sig-hMUC1/ecdCD40L in patients with advanced adenocarcinoma.

Single-molecule force spectroscopy is used to correlate the single-molecule nanomechanical properties of a biomimetic polymer with the bulk mechanical performance of the material by means of the derivation of the potential energy landscape.

A high-resolution gene expression atlas of prenatal and postnatal brain development of rhesus monkey charts global transcriptional dynamics in relation to brain maturation, while comparative analysis reveals human-specific gene trajectories; candidate risk genes associated with human neurodevelopmental disorders tend to be co-expressed in disease-specific patterns in the developing monkey neocortex.

Deep X-ray limits are placed on the source of the closest fast radio burst, FRB 20200120E, ruling out an ultraluminous X-ray source or a young extragalactic pulsar embedded in a Crab-like nebula as its origin.

Genome-wide association and fine-mapping analyses in ancestrally diverse populations implicate candidate causal genes and mechanisms underlying type 2 diabetes. Trans-ancestry genetic risk scores enhance transferability across populations.

Oblique line scan microscopy achieves nanoscale spatial and sub-millisecond temporal resolution across a large field of view, enabling improved and robust single-molecule biophysical measurements and single-molecule tracking in both cells and solution.

In this phase 1/2 trial, the authors show that INO-3107, a DNA immunotherapy designed to elicit an immune response against HPV-6 and -11 recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, is well-tolerated and demonstrates an antigen specific immune response resulting in surgical reduction in 81% of trial participants.

The authors have recently developed molecular force microscopy (MFM) which uses fluorescence polarisation to measure cell-surface receptor force orientation. Here they show that structured illumination microscopes, which inherently use fluorescence polarisation, can be used for MFM in a turn-key manner.

Brain imaging studies suggest that specific, large-scale, cortical networks show antagonistic activity with one another. Here, the authors studied the dynamics of these networks using implanted electrodes in the human brain, revealing that the coordination of inter-network dynamics on fast time scales relates to fluctuations in attention.

Knowing the response of biomolecules to mechanical load is vital in understanding various biological processes. Here, the authors report a new force-based biosensing technique, in which applying centrifugal forces to small particles and molecules allows mechanical properties to be probed.

Bhattacharjee and Schaeffer et al. map exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in 94 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), finding increased EBF practice and reduced subnational variation across the majority of LMICs from 2000 to 2018. However, only six LMICs will meet WHO’s target of ≥70% EBF by 2030 nationally, and only three will achieve this in all districts.

Premature infants are vulnerable to hypoxia and thus white matter injury, especially in the cerebellum, which develops during late gestation. Here, the authors test the effects of perinatal hypoxia on motor performance and rescue behavioral deficits using the GABA reuptake inhibitor Tiagabine.

The extraembryonic yolk sac is a major location for developmental hematopoiesis, but it is unclear whether non-bone marrow sources contribute during adulthood. Here they show that embryonically derived endothelial-macrophage progenitor cells located in the aorta are a bipotent source of macrophage and endothelial cells later in life.

The genetics and clinical consequences of resting heart rate (RHR) remain incompletely understood. Here, the authors discover new genetic variants associated with RHR and find that higher genetically predicted RHR decreases risk of atrial fibrillation and ischemic stroke.

Triple-negative breast cancers are aggressive tumours, but their prognosis is critically determined by the immune cell activity within the microenvironment, with the more inflamed, hot milieu predicting better prognosis. Here authors show that the tumour draining lymph nodes, even if not invaded by the tumours, reflect the difference between the cold and hot tumours via differential Th2 polarization.

Data collected from more than 2,000 taxa provide an unparalleled opportunity to quantify how extreme wildfires affect biodiversity, revealing that the largest effects on plants and animals were in areas with frequent or recent past fires and within extensively burnt areas.

Fine-mapping of causal variants and integration of epigenetic and chromatin conformation data identify likely target genes for 150 breast cancer risk regions.