Dang Ngoc Anh Suong et al find that vertical mixing generates iPSC-derived brain organoids displaying an inverted structure with neurons localising at the centre and neural progenitors at the outside. This study illustrates the influence of fluid mechanics relevant to the direction of primary cilia on stem cell differentiation.
- Dang Ngoc Anh Suong
- Keiko Imamura
- Haruhisa Inoue