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A modularized open-source pipeline for invasive brain signal decoding bridges the gap between closed-loop neuromodulation and clinical brain–computer interface approaches in a large patient cohort.

Light reflected off a dust cloud in the vicinity of the relic of Tycho Brahe's supernova, whose light first swept past Earth more than four centuries ago, literally sheds light on the nature of this cosmic explosion.

The underpinnings of a supposed basal ganglia pathway imbalance in dystonia are unknown. Here, the authors unveil exaggerated low frequency coupling in the direct striato-pallidal pathway to reflect dystonic symptoms, which could potentially be used as target for neuromodulation strategies.

Planting diverse forests is widely promoted as a way to counter climate change and improve ecosystem functioning. This study finds that the spatial arrangement of tree species matters: forests with higher spatial mixing of tree species yield greater biomass, faster nutrient cycling, and thus enhanced ecosystem functioning.

Dopaminergic medication and deep brain stimulation exert a shared therapeutic modulation of cortex-subthalamic nucleus network activity in Parkinson’s disease, through a suppression of high beta synchrony mediated by the hyperdirect pathway.

Here, the authors characterize the antibody response from vaccinated (Pfizer BNT-162b2), infected and uninfected individuals against emerging variants of concern of SARS-CoV-2, finding reduced neutralization of a South African isolate. High IgG titers in the saliva of vaccinees suggest that transmission may be reduced.

Observations of seven fast-moving stars in the central 3 arcsec (0.08  pc) of ω Centauri indicate an intermediate-mass black hole in ω Centauri.

Plasma extracellular vesicles contain quantifiable amounts of TDP-43 and full-length tau, allowing the accurate assessment of pathology in frontotemporal dementia, frontotemporal dementia spectrum disorders and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

A large-scale, five-year study in Indonesia finds that enriching oil palm-dominated landscapes with patches of trees bolsters biodiversity and ecosystem functioning without impairing oil palm yields but should not replace forest protection.

Examination of archaeological pottery residues and modern genes suggest that environmental conditions, subsistence economics and pathogen exposure may explain selection for lactase persistence better than prehistoric consumption of milk.

Rare earth elements are used in electronics, but increase in demand could lead to low supply. Here the authors conduct experiments on the International Space Station and show microbes can extract rare elements from rocks at low gravity, a finding that could extend mining potential to other planets.

A meta-analysis reveals that the presence of exotic species has a modest but significantly negative impact on the ecological properties of native marine communities and identifies the exotic species that exert the most harmful effects.

In this largest whole-exome sequencing study of epilepsies to date, the Epi25 Collaborative identified extremely rare variants that confer risk for diverse epilepsy subtypes, highlighting roles in synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability.

A new study considering data from 7603 households across 28 sites in 22 low- and middle-income countries show that inequality of household water security follows a Development Kuznets Curve.

Single-cell transcriptomics and protein expression analyses of salivary glands and gingiva, along with the detection of infectious virus and virus-specific antibodies in saliva from SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals, support a potential role for the oral cavity in COVID-19 pathogenesis.

Here, the authors perform a meta-analysis in 26,699 people with seizures and 492,324 controls to identify 25 genome-wide significant copy-number variants. The discovered loci point to known disease genes and associations with clinical annotations.

Analysis of antibody responses to COVID-19 vaccines encoding variant-specific spike, with or without ancestral spike, suggests no loss of neutralization of the ancestral virus with variant-only vaccines, which may simplify future vaccine updates.

Insufficient sleep is a known risk factor for obesity. Greeret al.show that sleep deprivation amplifies mesolimbic brain responses to food stimuli, yet impairs activity in higher cortical areas, which, together, are associated with an increased desire for high-calorie food items.

A study reports the distribution, replication and persistence of SARS-CoV-2 throughout the human body including in the brain at autopsy from acute infection to more than seven months following symptom onset.

Responsiveness in metal-organic frameworks involving amorphous phases remains poorly understood. Here, the authors demonstrate MOFs that reversibly switch between well-defined crystalline and structurally degenerate amorphous states mediated by competing intra-framework forces.

Immunoglobulin class-switch recombination can be induced by the secreted factors BAFF and APRIL. Cerutti and colleagues show that the receptor TACI conveys such signals via the adaptor MyD88 to induce class-switch recombination.

Boosting of maternal antibodies against RSV is a potential approach to protect infants from severe infection, but data from animal models is missing. Here Steff et al. test two different boosts in seropositive cattle pre-exposed to bovine RSV and show that pre-fusion F strongly boosts neutralizing responses.

The role of Blue Carbon in climate change mitigation and adaptation has now reached international prominence. Here the authors identified the top-ten unresolved questions in the field and find that most questions relate to the precise role blue carbon can play in mitigating climate change and the most effective management actions in maximising this.

The activation of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway following endoplasmic reticulum stress promotes cell protection and longevity.

Wallroth et al. uncover a mechanism by which protein kinase N activates mTORC1 nutrient signalling at the lysosome by inhibiting PI3KC2-β-mediated PtdIns(3,4)P₂ synthesis downstream of mTORC2.

How does sleep deprivation affect the human brain? Walker and colleagues review neuroimaging studies on the consequences of sleep deprivation on cognition and emotion — with specific focuses on attention and working memory, positive and negative emotion, and hippocampal learning — and the mechanisms underlying these effects.

Pelvic reconstructive surgery with concomitant hysterectomy is the standard of care for pelvic organ prolapse, even though many women would prefer to preserve their uterus and vaginal function. Zucchi et al. describe uterus-sparing procedures that have been reported, and discuss the complication rates, anatomical success rates and functional outcomes of each.

The astronomical event GW170817, detected in gravitational and electromagnetic waves, is used to determine the expansion rate of the Universe, which is consistent with and independent of existing measurements.

Tree islands can enhance species turnover and multi-taxon diversity in oil palm plantations, mainly due to increased soil fauna and landscape heterogeneity, according to a landscape manipulation experiment in a monodominant plantation in Sumatra