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Johnson et al. link ARIA, a complication of anti-amyloid therapy, to clonal expansion of cytotoxic CD8 + T cells with glycolytic reprogramming and vascular trafficking potential, with implications for biomarker development and risk mitigation.

Trimodal single-cell analysis reveals gene-regulatory architecture in complex tissues.

Understanding collective behaviour is an important aspect of managing the pandemic response. Here the authors show in a large global study that participants that reported identifying more strongly with their nation reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies in the context of the pandemic.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza A H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b virus has caused outbreaks in dairy cattle and cases in humans in the United States. Here, the authors assess levels of pre-existing cross-reactive antibodies to the epidemic virus strain in human serum samples collected in the United States.

As Nature Aging celebrates its fifth anniversary, the journal asks some of the researchers who contributed to the journal early on to reflect on the past and the future of aging and age-related disease research, the impact of the field on human health now and in the future, and what challenges need to be addressed to ensure sustained progress.

Genome-wide association analyses using data from 19 biobanks identify variants influencing risk of thyroid diseases and yield polygenic risk scores associated with features of aggressive thyroid cancer.

As the indications for T cell immunotherapies, particularly chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy, continue to expand, a nuanced understanding of their potential adverse effects is required. In this Review, Raddatz and colleagues summarize the mechanisms, epidemiology and management of T cell therapy-associated cytokine release syndrome and subsequent cardiotoxicity.

2D p-type transistors are essential for the realization of complementary circuits for post-silicon electronics. Here, the authors report a chloroform doping strategy to fabricate p-type monolayer WSe₂ transistors with high performance and long-term stability.

In this study, the authors develop a flavivirus vaccine strategy by introducing mutations into envelope glycoproteins resulting in structural changes that conceal the ADE-prone fusion loop epitope. They show that the Zika virus-specific construct protects mice against viral challenge and prevents ADE by Dengue virus.

Human challenge studies with SARS-CoV-2 have shown changes in the innate and adaptive immune response. Here the authors are examining potential correlates of infection in virus challenged recipients by assessing baseline immune parameters and how this predicts virus control.

The 4D Nucleome Project demonstrates the use of genomic assays and computational methods to measure genome folding and then predict genomic structure from DNA sequence, facilitating the discovery of potential effects of genetic variants, including variants associated with disease, on genome structure and function.

Viral proteins can achieve high multifunctionality, but mechanisms are poorly understood. This study shows structural flexibility of rabies virus P protein enables RNA binding and phase separation to expand functions by infiltrating host condensates.

Bayesian psychophysical modelling of cardiac and respiratory interoception (N=241) showed no cross-domain associations in sensitivity, precision, or metacognition, indicating that interoceptive performance is organ-specific.

The early detection of degradation in lithium-ion batteries is crucial for effective predictive maintenance and recycling. Here, the authors propose a two-stage early-stage degradation prediction method based on GPT to predict the charging data of and state-of-health of batteries

A modularized open-source pipeline for invasive brain signal decoding bridges the gap between closed-loop neuromodulation and clinical brain–computer interface approaches in a large patient cohort.

Using well-calibrated statistical methods the authors jointly analyze Undiagnosed Diseases Network genomes, identifying known and novel disease genes. Software is publicly available to support future cross-cohort rare disease discovery efforts.

Metabolic and proteomic profiles derived from fossilized skeletal remains of animals enable inferences regarding physiological health and disease as well as diet to provide reconstructions of ancient soil, vegetation and palaeoclimate characteristics.

This study identifies the Giant Oval Cavity as a large, long-lived superbubble in the Perseus Arm. Its slow expansion, sustained by frequent supernovae, balances Galactic shear and turbulent pressure, revealing a quasi-stationary feedback structure crucial for galactic evolution.

Infection with Omicron after vaccination produces cross-neutralizing antibodies to other variants of concern, whereas this induces a limited response to non-Omicron variants in unvaccinated individuals.

Here, the authors create a high-quality-factor chiral metasurface that enables record-high room-temperature valley-selective emission in MoSe₂ monolayers, independent of excitation polarization.

Neuronal death is a feature of development and neurodegeneration. Here, the authors report that ablation of Drosophila motor neurons triggers Draper-dependent signaling in glia to engage ‘cross-neuron plasticity’ in bystander neurons.

Data collected from zoos and aquariums worldwide show that hormonal contraception or permanent surgical sterilization in mammals increase life expectancy, with different mechanisms in males and females.

A study of several longitudinal birth cohorts and cross-sectional cohorts finds only moderate overlap in genetic variants between autism that is diagnosed earlier and that diagnosed later, so they may represent aetiologically different conditions.

Möhring et al. assess the expected effects of a global transformation of agricultural pest management. They find positive contributions to multiple sustainability challenges, assess drivers and discuss necessary steps for a transformation.

Developing treatments that withstand viral evolution is difficult. Here, the authors design ReconnAb-multimers: broad, highly potent therapeutics linking a non-neutralizing antibody, ACE2, and a multimerization domain to prepare for future pandemics.

Here, the authors present archaeology of the Namorotukunan site in Kenya’s Turkana Basin that demonstrates adaptive shifts in hominin tool-making behaviour spanning 300,000 years and increasing environmental variability. They contextualize these findings with paleoenvironmental proxies, dating, and geological descriptions.

Together with a companion paper, the generation of a transcriptomic atlas for the mouse lemur and analyses of example cell types establish this animal as a molecularly tractable primate model organism.

Wang, Tang and colleagues develop the low-signal signed iterative random forest pipeline to investigate epistasis in the genetic control of cardiac hypertrophy, identifying epistatic variants near CCDC141, IGF1R, TTN and TNKS loci, and show that hypertrophy in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes is nonadditively influenced by interactions among CCDC141, TTN and IGF1R.

Rider, Grantham, Smith, Watson et al. integrate multiomic data from patients with psoriasis using dimensionality reduction and machine learning techniques. This approach identifies biological relationships between genetic background, clinical features and disease severity, providing insight into disease variability across individuals.

A consensus cell type atlas for the fly brain provides both an intellectual framework and open-source toolchains for brain-scale comparative connectomics.

Dendritic cells (DC) present tumour antigens to T cells but this process is defective in the tumour microenvironment. Here the authors find that downregulation of cholesterol 25-hydroxylase underlies defective cross presentation of tumour antigens.

The order in which driver mutations of colorectal cancer occur in intestinal epithelium can determine whether clones are positively or negatively selected and can shape subsequent tumour development.

In situ cryoEM and modelling of the Campylobacter jejuni flagellar motor characterize the periplasmic scaffold and the structural basis for increased torque generation.

In this work, researchers address a key question for maternal group B Streptococcus (GBS) vaccine assessment: What newborn antibody concentrations protect against invasive infant GBS disease? They present serologic thresholds by age at onset and serotype based on a large U.S. case-control study.

Neuroinflammation is understudied in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Ma et al. found that clonally expanded CD8 + T cells accumulate in the brains of PD patients and interact with specific astrocytic support cells, which may fuel harmful neuroinflammation.

Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are inherited metabolic disorders caused by enzyme deficiencies leading to glycosaminoglycan accumulation and systemic degenerative disease. Here, the authors show that iPSC-derived microglia progenitors can reduce glycosaminoglycan accumulation and prevent behavioral deficits in MPS mouse models.

Analysis of the immune microenvironment of diffuse B cell lymphomas using spatial transcriptomics, proteomics and genomics highlights discrete cellular niches with divergent patterns of cell–cell communication that contribute to the phenotypic heterogeneity of both tumor and immune cells.

During sea urchin development, the micromeres form via asymmetric cell division and act as organizers to induce gastrulation. Here they show that micromeres have unique metabolic characteristics and that disrupting their metabolic activity blocks gastrulation induction.

A high-bandwidth neuromotor interface offers performant out-of-the-box generalization across people.

A large brain imaging study of over 2000 people worldwide shows that fear conditioning engages brain regions linked to emotion and attention, with differences in individuals with anxiety or depression and strong influences from task design.

Immunization with inactivated Japanese encephalitis vaccine generates cross-reactive antibodies that enhance immunogenicity on subsequent immunization with live attenuated yellow fever vaccine, demonstrating antibody-dependent enhancement of infection in a clinical trial.

Serological studies are needed to understand the ongoing clade Ib mpox outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and neighboring countries. Here, the authors conduct a cross-sectional serological study in South Kivu, highlighting the role of professional sex workers and household transmission in mpox epidemiology.