Survival of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer is poor and none of the targeted agents that are approved for cancer therapy have been approved for the treatment of bladder cancer. However, many novel targeted agents have been investigated in animal models of bladder cancer. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of targeted therapies for bladder cancer that have been investigated in animal models and have potential for clinical application.
- Kim E. M. van Kessel
- Tahlita C. M. Zuiverloon
- Ellen C. Zwarthoff