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Designing low power and high performance content-addressable memory remains a challenge. Here, the authors demonstrate a content-addressable memory concept and circuit which leverages the analog conductance tunability of memristors, reduces power consumption, and enables new functionalities and applications.

NASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, a severe fatty liver disease with no cure, can manifest through loss-of-function of the E3 ligase FBXW7. Here, the authors show an underpinning of dysregulated ERRα and PPARα nuclear receptor activity, thus highlighting potential new avenues for antiNASH therapy.

Although the common genetic variants contributing to blood lipid levels have been studied, the contribution of rare variants is less understood. Here, the authors perform a rare coding and noncoding variant association study of blood lipid levels using whole genome sequencing data.

Temporal multi-omic analysis of tissues from rats undergoing up to eight weeks of endurance exercise training reveals widespread shared, tissue-specific and sex-specific changes, including immune, metabolic, stress response and mitochondrial pathways.

Modeling analysis from the Global Dietary Database estimated that 70% of new global cases of type 2 diabetes are attributable to suboptimal intake of 11 dietary factors, with substantial differences in dietary risks across world regions and nations.

Mutations in the CD19 gene suggesting irreversible loss of its surface expression are identified in the majority of analyzed cases of CD19^– relapse in two clinical trials of pediatric ALL CD19 CAR T therapy, offering considerations for the rational choice of follow-up therapies.

Analysis of whole-genome sequencing data across 2,658 tumors spanning 38 cancer types shows that chromothripsis is pervasive, with a frequency of more than 50% in several cancer types, contributing to oncogene amplification, gene inactivation and cancer genome evolution.

Analysis of mitochondrial genomes (mtDNA) by using whole-genome sequencing data from 2,658 cancer samples across 38 cancer types identifies hypermutated mtDNA cases, frequent somatic nuclear transfer of mtDNA and high variability of mtDNA copy number in many cancers.

Efficient, large-scale genomic analysis is facilitated on the cloud by a computational tool with error-diagnosing and self-healing capabilities.

The structure of human ACAT1, which catalyses the transfer of an acyl group from acyl-coenzyme A to cholesterol to form cholesteryl ester, is resolved by cryo-electron microscopy.

A high-throughput screen of preclinical, investigational and FDA-approved drugs identifies compounds that possess antiviral and neuroprotective effects against Zika virus infection in human neural progenitor cells and astrocytes.

Hexa-acylated lipopolysaccharides from the gut microbiota are associated with efficacy in patients with cancer receiving anti-PD-1 and stimulate host immune activation for enhanced anti-tumour immunity in mouse models.

Sun et al. report human lifespan changes in the brain’s functional connectome in 33,250 individuals, which highlights critical growth milestones and distinct maturation patterns and offers a normative reference for development, aging and diseases.

The downstream mechanisms involved in insulin signaling and resistance remain incompletely understood. Here the authors report that insulin-dependent dephosphorylation stabilizes ERRα via the GSK3β/FBXW7 axis, and disruption of this post-translational mechanism results in insulin resistance in mice.

The relationship between striatal vascular and neural activity is not fully understood. Here the authors found neuronal activity inadequately explains striatal hemodynamic polarity, challenging classic fMRI interpretations.

Endometrial cancer is the most common invasive gynaecological cancer in developed countries. Here a meta-analysis identifies an additional nine novel endometrial cancer risk loci and eQTL analysis reveals risk variants associate with reduced expression of negative regulators of oncogenic signal transduction proteins.

It is known that exercise influences many human traits, but not which tissues and genes are most important. This study connects transcriptome data collected across 15 tissues during exercise training in rats as part of the Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium with human data to identify traits with similar tissue specific gene expression signatures to exercise.

An individual’s social network—their friends, family, and acquaintances—is important for their health, but existing tools for assessing social networks have limitations. Here, the authors introduce a quantitative social network assessment tool on a secure open-source web platform and show its utility in a nation-wide study.

VacA promotes Helicobacter pylori intracellular localization and persistence in the face of antibiotics. Activation of the lysosomal TRPML1 calcium channel reverses VacA toxicity and promotes bacterial clearance during drug treatment.

For many neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) risk genes, the significance for mutational burden is unestablished. Here, the authors sequence 125 candidate NDD genes in over 16,000 NDD cases; case-control mutational burden analysis identifies 48 genes with a significant burden of severe ultra-rare mutations.

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with multiple human pathologic conditions. In a genome-wide association study of 79,366 individuals, Jiang et al. replicate four and identify two new genetic loci for serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and find evidence for a shared genetic basis with autoimmune diseases.

Sterol O-acyltransferase 1 (SOAT1, also named ACAT1) is an endoplasmic reticulum resident enzyme which catalyzes the esterification of cholesterol to generate cholesteryl esters. Here, authors report cryo-EM structures of human SOAT1 which reveal the binding site of the competitive inhibitor CI-976.

Memristor crossbars with array sizes of up to 128 × 64 cells are capable of analogue vector-matrix multiplication and can be used for signal processing, image compression and convolutional filtering.

Human antigen R (HuR) is a RNA binding protein involved in the regulation of many cellular functions. Here the authors show that, hepatocyte specific deletion of HuR exacerbates high-fat diet-induced NAFLD in mice by regulating transcripts involved in lipid transport and ATP synthesis.

High morbidity and mortality in aquatic have been caused by iridovirids worldwide. Here the authors present a near-atomic SGIV capsid structure. Functional assays further reveal the relationships between identified capsid proteins and viral assembly.

A taste of the research at the Monell Center reveals an increased understanding of how we perceive and integrate chemical cues.

Identifying women at high risk of breast cancer has important implications for screening. Here, the authors demonstrate that polygenic risk scores improve breast cancer risk prediction in the population, in women with mutations in high-risk genes and in women with close relatives with the disease.

Mutations in the RNA component TERC can cause telomerase dysfunction but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, the authors show that RNA-binding protein HuR regulates telomerase function by enhancing the methylation of TERC, which is impaired by several disease-relevant TERC mutations.