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Alternative polyadenylation is involved in plant responses to various stresses. Here, the authors show how a cis-natural antisense RNA promotes proximal polyadenylation of its cognate SlSPX5 gene in response to phosphate starvation in tomato.

Developing high-current-density catalysts is key to efficient water splitting. Here, the authors report a single-atom Ru-doped amorphous Ni–Mo oxide that dynamically self-reconstructs to retain high activity at industrial current densities in an anion-exchange membrane water electrolyzer.

Analysis of a deeply phenotyped, longitudinal cohort of 249 participants elucidates the network of concurrent molecular and macroscopic patterns related to insurgence and course of ME/CFS.

Up-recycling waste wood as a source for producing materials is crucial for sustainability. Here, the authors discover that in situ thermal curing of melamine formaldehyde resin with natural wood enhanced its room temperature phosphorescence performance.

Li et al. identify a previously uncharacterized transcription factor dumpless1 as a critical effector of ecdysone signaling in stretch follicle cell, bridging somatic-germline communication through the integrin βPS-Rho1-p-MLC axis to facilitate dumping.

The authors achieve a high electrocaloric effect in barium titanate ceramics with a defect dipole engineering strategy. As a result, defect dipole engineering enables BaTiO₃ to achieve an electrocaloric effect over a wide temperature range.

Polygenic risk scores can help identify individuals at higher risk of type 2 diabetes. Here, the authors characterise a multi-ancestry score across nearly 900,000 people, showing that its predictive value depends on demographic and clinical context and extends to related traits and complications.

RNA splicing is an important mechanism for gene regulation. Here, the authors present a core logic that links sequence variation and splice-site choice across eukaryotes.

Alkaline-earth phenoxides show promise as optical cycling centres; however, their properties when connected to larger structures is unclear. Now it has been shown that their optical cycling remains efficient despite increasing molecular complexity, enabling the scaling of laser-coolable molecules toward larger structures and surface-bound quantum systems.

Extensive measurements of the emissions of methane, nitrous oxide and ammonia from wastewater treatment facilities in the USA present higher values than are currently stated in national inventories. The results of this analysis show that greenhouse gas and nitrogenous emissions from the wastewater sector are often overlooked and that their impact on climate should be reassessed.

How changes in species’ native occupancy over time relate to global naturalization success remains unclear. Here, the authors show that species with both high occupancy decades ago and increasing native occupancy ever since are more likely to become naturalized elsewhere.

Resolution of G4s has been suggested to be required for efficient DNA replication. Here, the authors show that the nuclease DNA2 and the DNA repair complex MutSα (MSH2-MSH6) are required to remove G4 stabilized by environmental compounds to allow efficient telomere replication.

A covalent organic framework-based type-II heterojunction (TpPa/TpDz) enables efficient photocatalytic H₂O₂ production in pure water. The highest and lowest occupied molecular orbitals are spatially separated, driving directional photogenerated carrier transport and minimizing recombination, therefore enhancing photocatalytic activity.

Construction of chiral nanostructures is impeded by the entropic barrier of dissymmetric blocks. Here, the authors report a dynamic assembly/disassembly strategy to yield single-unit organometallic helices for enantioselective amyloid inhibition.

Dehingia, Milewska-Puchała and colleagues find a pervasive lncRNA-mediated increase in interactions between CTCF and RNA-binding proteins during embryonic stem cell differentiation. These interactions reinforce chromatin architecture in neural cells.

Geometric quantum gates—engineered evolution paths for qubit control—promise noise resilience but have shown limited fidelity in prior implementations in semiconductor quantum computation. Here the authors demonstrate high-fidelity single-qubit gates in a single-hole quantum dot in Ge, outperforming conventional dynamical gates.

When senescent cells accumulate during adulthood they negatively influence lifespan and promote age-dependent changes in several organs; clearance of these cells delayed tumorigenesis in mice and attenuated age-related deterioration of several organs without overt side effects, suggesting that the therapeutic removal of senescent cells may be able to extend healthy lifespan.

This paper presents TDAC-seq, a targeted chromatin-accessibility-profiling method using cytidine deaminases and long-read sequencing, to resolve the effects of CRISPR edits on single chromatin fibers.

Weldy et al. show that smooth muscle expression of the RNA editing enzyme ADAR1 regulates activation of the double-stranded RNA sensor MDA5 in a novel mechanism of atherosclerosis.

Multi-omics can be used to characterise tumour and immune cell populations. Here the authors use multi-omics to characterise CLL blood and tissue samples and use prediction models for CLL TCR specificity and implicate interactions between galectin-9 and TIM3 as involved in CLL immune escape and propose galectin-9 as a possible immunotherapy target.

Direct CO₂ conversion into high-value organic products faces significant selectivity challenges. This work presents a FeCo carbide-based tandem catalyst enabling high-efficiency, stable production of C2+ alcohols.

X. Du, W. Li, G. Li, C. Guo et al. report that dietary galactose regulates the cellular crosstalk between hepatocytes and CD8⁺ T cells via IGFBP-1 production and IGF-1 signalling, thereby modulating T cell exhaustion and antitumour immunity.

By selectively isolating and sequencing the rare RNA transcripts containing C9orf72 repeat expansion from ALS–FTD neurons, the authors uncover an alternative splicing mechanism that explains the retention of this intron segment in a translated mRNA.

A reinforcement learning-based virtual reality system, implementing a series of sport sessions with coaching, was as effective as standard physical activity in reducing fat mass in adolescents, with positive effects on cognition.

When light is absorbed by metal nanoparticles, electromagnetic energy is focused far beyond the diffraction limit. Here, the authors show that this energy can be further localized by the dissipation of energy within a bimetallic antenna-reactor system into attached palladium satellites.

Identifying genes involved in MYC-driven lymphoma reveals therapeutic vulnerabilities. Here, the authors show by using CRISPR knockout screens in primary cells in vivo that the GATOR1 complex suppresses MYC-driven lymphomagenesis, and that GATOR1-deficient lymphomas are sensitive to mTOR inhibitors.

Metal–organic frameworks hold promise as electrocatalysts for water splitting, but their large-scale production remains a challenge. This study reports on a scalable synthetic approach to fabricate large-area metal–organic framework-based electrodes, achieving high catalytic activity and stability in practical alkaline water electrolysis.

Electromagnetic oscillations are a key technological bottleneck that restricts the safe operation of power electronics-dominated power systems. Here, authors propose a generalized linear time-periodic participation factor and sensitivity theory within the eigenstructure-preserved framework for stability quantitative analysis.

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a common clinical intervention used for unresectable liver tumors, but conventional embolic microspheres generally exhibit slack vascular stacking and suboptimal drug release. Here, Guo et al. report tumor vessel-adaptable, adhesive, and absorbable microspheres (3Asphere) for sustained TACE therapy of liver tumors.

Miyoshi and colleagues propose STELLA-SPIM microscopy to visualise single MYO7A molecules in live murine inner ear hair cells. Their data suggest that MYO7A traffics as a dimer within stereocilia to assemble the mechanoelectrical transduction machinery.

Filter-aided expansion proteomics facilitates spatial proteomics at subcellular resolution by integrating tissue expansion, imaging-guided microdissection and filter-aided in-gel digestion. This combination enhances the resolution, throughput and reproducibility for data-independent acquisition-based mass spectrometry analysis.

In this study, Yang et al. compile a global dataset to uncover the degree to which plants coordinate root and seed traits. They report a global positive correlation between root diameter and seed size, driven by dual roles of arbuscular mycorrhiza in phosphorus uptake and pathogen defence.

tRNA modifications are essential for function, yet their timing relative to processing is unclear. Here, the authors show that queuosine and derivative modifications occur before splicing of pre-tRNA^Tyr, with cryo-EM confirming direct recognition by the QTRT1/2 complex.

A continuous mesoscale space-time crystal phase is reported from a nematic liquid crystal driven by light.

Hereditary deafness lacks effective biological treatments. Here, the authors develop a base editing therapy that corrects a common MPZL2 deafness gene mutation in a humanized mouse model and restores hearing, highlighting base editing as a potential treatment for hereditary deafness.

Liu and colleagues examine how severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variants evade CD8⁺ T cell epitope recognition.

This Perspective discusses essential considerations for how ecosystem restoration may influence spillover of zoonotic pathogens, and how such considerations may be integrated into restoration design.

Analyses of consummatory reproductive behaviours in male mice uncover a brain mechanism whereby an internal state can attribute a social quality to a generic touch to initiate purposeful reproductive actions.

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is a prevalent and complex disorder in older adults. Guo et al. identify human antigen R as a regulator of ARHL in aged mice and demonstrate that cochlear human antigen R overexpression alleviates ARHL, highlighting it as a therapeutic target for the condition.

Trained and validated on multimodal data from 14.5 million images from multicountry datasets, a foundation model is shown to increase diagnostic and referral accuracy of clinicians when used as an assistant in a trial involving 16 ophthalmologists and 668 patients.

Polygenic scores for body mass index and obesity constructed using data from 5 million people with different ancestries were associated with distinct weight gain trajectories from early childhood to adulthood.

Petroni et al. report that the infiltration of IL-17A-secreting γδ T cells in the tumor microenvironment coupled with the accumulation of immunosuppressive macrophages is associated with resistance to CDK4/CDK6 inhibition in HR⁺HER2⁻ breast cancer.