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The cytoplasm can be partitioned into distinct compartments by microtubule structures, which can be stabilized by distinct mechanisms in different species.

Although widely used, television is underexplored in climate communication. Here analysis of German television programmes and audience perceptions shows that climate change coverage is concentrated in news formats and engages climate supporters, but misses climate-distant audiences drawn to entertainment.

Genomic analyses of DNA from modern individuals show that, about 800 years ago, pre-European contact occurred between Polynesian individuals and Native American individuals from near present-day Colombia, while remote Pacific islands were still being settled.

Leveraging electron-phonon coupling allows for modulating self-trapped exciton formation for broadband white-light emission. Using transient spectroscopy and DFT calculations, Zhang et al. correlate the structural distortion with self-trapped exciton formation in 2D halide perovskites.

Polyamides (PAs) or nylons are types of plastics with wide applications, but due to their accumulation in the environment, strategies for their deconstruction are of interest. Here, the authors screen 40 potential nylon-hydrolyzing enzymes (nylonases) using a mass spectrometry-based approach and identify a thermostabilized N-terminal nucleophile hydrolase as the most promising for further development, as well as crucial targets for progressing PA6 enzymatic depolymerization.

Women of reproductive age may have specific concerns relating to perceived impacts on fertility and menstrual cycles that make them hesitant to receive COVID-19 vaccination. In this study, the authors explore COVID-19 vaccine uptake rates in women of reproductive age using linked data for ~13 million women in England.

A specialized, open-source, retrieval-augmented language model is introduced for answering scientific queries and synthesizing literature, the responses of which are shown to be preferred by human evaluations over expert-written answers.

Keshishian, Mischler et al. report that a recurrent automatic speech recognition system aligns closely with brain organization: model layers map to distinct cortical regions and naturally learn to encode a parallel progression from acoustic to phonetic, lexical and semantic content.

Understanding collective behaviour is an important aspect of managing the pandemic response. Here the authors show in a large global study that participants that reported identifying more strongly with their nation reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies in the context of the pandemic.

The structure-function relationships of a β-helix, a folding motif formed by parallel β-strands arranged in a helical repetitive pattern, remain poorly understood and underexploited. Here, the authors reconstitute a protein β-helix by design from an elementary sequence of 18 amino acids, which self-assembles into a self-contained multifunctional motif exhibiting a range of biological functions.

Viral ribonucleoprotein–viral protein networks form pre-replication centres that nucleate viral factories and drive respiratory syncytial virus replication.

Exposure to inflammation drives hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) aging, limiting their self-renewal capacity and differentiation. Here, the authors explore the mechanistic link between inflammation and HSC aging. Using mouse models, they identify the innate immune RNA sensor MDA5 as a key mediator of HSC aging and show that MDA5 loss ameliorates the aging phenotype by improving proteostasis in aged HSCs.

Proteomic data from natural isolates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae provide insight into how these cells tolerate aneuploidy (an imbalance in the number of chromosomes), and reveal differences between lab-engineered aneuploids and diverse natural yeasts.

Millions of urban commuters experience daily exposure to subway air. This study characterizes the microscopic properties and formation mechanisms of airborne iron-oxide nanoparticles in subway air, detects their presence in human lungs and confirms their role in mouse pulmonary injury.

Microscopic imaging and biochemical studies show that sinuses in mouse and human form a highly dynamic surface that regulates fluid movement and immune cell surveillance via RAMP1-dependent regulation of smooth muscle contraction and RAMP2-dependent regulation of the sinus endothelial barrier.

A lab-scale proof-of-principle demonstration of a quantum network comprising one server chip and 20 client photonic chips implementing twin-field quantum key distribution shows excellent scalability and reliability and yields a pathway towards future large-scale networks.

In this study, the authors conduct experiments involving 276 soil-derived microcosms to reveal that the ecological process of necromass recycling promotes diversity maintenance in bacterial communities. This mechanism could help explain how high microbial species diversity is maintained in natural soil communities.

Tunnel oxide passivating contact silicon solar cells are a promising next-generation photovoltaic technology. Yang et al. engineer the front and back contact, further increasing the power conversion efficiency to 26.66%.

Antigen presentation in skull bone marrow by hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells induces myelopoiesis and generates CD4⁺ regulatory T cells in a mouse model of ependymoma, promoting immune tolerance. Treatment with anti-GM-CSF antibody has antitumor effects that are augmented by immunotherapy.

Using cryo-EM, the authors identified 42 MIPs, including outer junction protein CFAP77 and outer dense fibers, in native doublet microtubules of Tetrahymena thermophila. Knockout of CFAP77 reduced ciliary beat frequency and led to outer junction damage.

Colloidal quantum dots are promising, low-cost materials for infrared technologies, but rarely comply with the EU directive on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances (RoHS). Here, the authors present the synthesis of large, near-bulk RoHS-compliant quantum dots, operating deep in the infrared.

Polymer thin films that emit and absorb circularly polarised light are promising in achieving important technological advances, but the origin of the large chiroptical effects in such films has remained elusive. Here the authors demonstrate that in non-aligned polymer thin films, large chiroptical effects are caused by magneto-electric coupling, not structural chirality as previously assumed.

Hepatic glycogenolysis is essential for protein glycosylation and rhythmic secretion by the liver. Disruptions to hepatic glycogenolysis, caused by congenital diseases or physiological factors such as obesity, caloric restriction and changes to meal timing, alter hepatic protein secretion.

Non-equilibrium two-dimensional melting is less understood than its equilibrium counterpart. Now it is shown that topologically driven melting in a two-dimensional crystal of charged colloids is the same irrespective of the mechanisms that generate the defects

Self-charging batteries integrate energy conversion and storage but are limited by solid-state electrodes. Here, the authors report an organic self-charging flow battery that charges within 8 minutes to 94% capacity, matches various multivalent metal negative electrodes, and demonstrates high stability.

The lowest-frequency gravitational wave background may be shaped by supermassive black hole binaries that scatter nearby stars or dark matter. In this case, the NANOGrav 15-year dataset favours dense galactic centres with 10⁶ solar masses per cubic parsec.

Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study reveal declines in chronic respiratory disease mortality between 1990 and 2023—especially during the COVID-19 pandemic—but the burdens on people affected remain substantial.

Researchers used explainable AI to analyze pancreas tissue from living donors, revealing that changes in fat cell clusters, nerve structures, and islet proximity to fat cells distinguish people with type 2 diabetes from those without the condition.

JWST imaged three of the gas giants orbiting the star HR 8799 to study their atmospheres. The uniform enrichment of heavy elements, including sulfur, indicates that they formed like Jupiter and Saturn by accreting a lot of icy and rocky solids.

In one-shot perceptual learning, what we see can be dramatically altered by a single past experience. Using psychophysics, fMRI, iEEG, and DNNs, the authors identify neural and computational mechanisms underlying this remarkable ability in humans.

Juno radio occultations precisely redefine Jupiter’s shape, measuring a polar diameter of 66,842 km and an equatorial diameter of 71,488 km, both smaller than long-used values, bringing models of the planet’s interior into better agreement with observations.

Cooling in natural systems typically requires external contact with a cold reservoir, with the final temperature determined by the environment, as dictated by thermodynamics. The authors demonstrate a spontaneous, selfsustained frictional cooling effect driven by the interplay of activity, dry friction, and crowding.

While excitonic semiconductors offer appealing optical properties, their application for competitive optoelectronic devices has remained limited. Here, the authors report the realization of broadband exciton-polariton photodiodes based on a layered excitonic semiconductor, WS₂, contacted by tin-doped indium oxide in an open optical cavity design, showing ~MHz bandwidth at room temperature.

Cross-linkable co-SAMs improve hole-selective SAM stability, preventing defects and thermal degredation in perovskite solar cells, enabling 26.92% efficiency with high heat durability, and guiding the design of more efficient and durable solar cells.

Lasing with multi-pass gain is achieved in a diamond-based X-ray cavity at the European XFEL, opening a path to next-generation X-ray science.

A molecular-level understanding of structural evolution upon electrochemical doping in organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors is required. A pronounced reduction in mass and thickness is observed in an n-type ladder polymer upon doping with protic cations owing to water expulsion.

Bioactive sesquiterpenes accumulating in petunia stigmas are synthesized in the floral tube and then transported to the pistil via natural fumigation within the internal airspace of the developing flower.

A follow-up analysis of a clinical trial that evaluated anti-PD-1 therapy in patients with cancer who are living with HIV provides mechanistic insights into transcriptomic, cellular and cytokine changes related to immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment and identifies a signature associated with clinical response.

Broadband light antireflection materials have numerous applications as highly transparent window, for broadband applications thin-film multilayers have been considered. Here, Rahman et al. demonstrate broadband antireflection enhancement in silicon solar cells using a self-assembled, nanostructured copolymer.

Vaziri et al. examined how humans detect changes in auditory pitch, revealing that listeners rely on correlations in sound intensity over frequency and time, processing that is reminiscent of visual motion detection.

An anti-HIV-1 antibody that targets an N332_gp120 glycan-independent V3 epitope, a site of Env vulnerability, can decline viremia in HIV-1-infected humanized mice while overcoming classical V3 escape mutations.

In a study of four brain-dead human decedents, extracorporeal liver cross-circulation using genetically modified pig livers provides essential hepatic functions, supporting the feasibility of this approach for temporary liver support as a bridge to organ transplantation.

Nonreciprocal photonics often relies on the use of external magnetic fields. By combining atomistic simulations based on tight-binding with a mean-field approach, here, the authors demonstrate nonreciprocal plasmon propagation in electrically biased one-dimensional carbon nanostructures, including graphene nanoribbons and carbon nanotubes.

Near-infrared mechanoluminescence can be used in biostress imaging, but is subject to limitations in terms of the pre-irradiation process and low intensity. Here, the authors have circumvented these limitations by constructing an MgO/MgF₂:Cr³⁺ heterojunction piezo-photonics system.

Seasonal metabolomics revealed that taurine increases during low malaria transmission and is linked to asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infection.

cellSTAAR advances noncoding rare variant association analysis by integrating single-cell genomics data.

All-van der Waals multiferroic tunnel junctions exhibit four non-volatile resistance states with full layer tailorability, enabling up to 10⁶% tunnelling electroresistance, 10⁴ A cm⁻² ON-state current density and room temperature operation.