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A plant kinase mediates symbiotic signalling and suppress host immunity to enable legume–rhizobium symbiosis.

The spin state of a single electron is shown to control the transmission of single photons through a nanophotonic waveguide, thus realizing a spin-based photonic switch.

Quasiparticles, or broken Cooper pairs, are a major source of decoherence in superconducting qubits but their origin is debated. Pan et al. confirm the dominant mechanism due to photon absorption in the Josephson junction and demonstrate mitigation strategies based on tuning of the qubit geometry.

To find materials with large anomalous Nernst coefficients, which is useful for energy harvesting, it is common to focus on materials with large anomalous Hall coefficients. Here, Gong et al. find a material where the anomalous Nernst effect does not show the same antisymmetric behaviour as the anomalous Hall effect.

Radiotherapy induces expression of the EGFR ligand amphiregulin, which promotes metastasis growth at remote sites in mouse models and human patients by shifting myeloid cells towards an immunosuppressive state.

Protein–protein interactomes incorporating structural data predict the functional consequences of disease mutations.

Recently, spontaneous symmetry breaking was reported in 1D and 2D lattices with long-range interactions on analogue quantum simulators. Here, using a digital quantum annealing algorithm, Hu et al. observe this effect in a tree-like superconducting qubit lattice with short-range interactions at zero temperature.

Worldwide, the number of only-child families is increasing. This research examines how growing up without siblings affects adult brain structure, function and connectivity, cognition, personality and mental health.

A study finds that RUVBL2 is a conserved component of eukaryotic circadian clocks and suggests that slow ATPase activity, which was initially discovered in cyanobacteria, is a shared feature of eukaryotic clocks.

The authors report Bose–Einstein condensation of a two-magnon bound state in Na₂BaNi(PO₄)₂. This should stimulate further work on these types of geometrically frustrated materials.

SNX-BAR proteins are a family of PX and BAR domain-containing proteins with pivotal roles in trafficking processes. Here authors present the cryo-EM structure of the full-length fungal SNX-BAR Mvp1, which is an autoinhibited tetramer and provides critical insight into SNX-BAR function and regulation.

Socioeconomic status is multidimensional and can change over time. Xu, Lui, Ji et al. found dimension-specific, late-stage-specific and change-specific socioeconomic effects on brain, cognition, personality and emotion.

Cross-ancestry genome-wide association studies of 3,414 brain imaging phenotypes in Chinese Han and white British participants identify autosomal and X-chromosomal associations in more diverse populations.

Excessive interferon (IFN) responses often follow viral infection to induce pathology or even death. Here the authors show that a signaling adaptor, β-arrestin 2, enhances the cGAS/STING innate immunity signaling pathway to promote IFN-β production, but may be degraded in infected cells to serve as a target of viral immune evasion.

Streptomyces are discovered to produce antibacterial protein complexes that selectively inhibit the hyphal growth of related species, a function distinct from that of the small-molecule antibiotics they are known for.

Zhuang et al. report four cryo-EM structures of formylpeptide receptors FPR1 and FPR2 coupled with Gi protein and diverse agonists, revealing how FPRs as pattern recognition receptors recognize formylpeptides and synthetic agonists and a distinctive receptor activation mechanism.

Genome-wide association meta-analyses in populations of East Asian and European ancestries identify variant–trait associations for 44 hippocampal traits and provide insight into the genetic architectures of hippocampal and subfield volumes.

Ghrelin is a central orexigenic peptide hormone in human energy homeostasis that is also known as ‘hunger hormone’ and signals through its GPCR, GHSR. Here, the authors present the cryo-EM structures of the human GHSR-Gi signaling complex with bound ghrelin and the synthetic non-peptide agonist ibutamoren that are of interest for drug design.

Non-classical states with a large, definite number of photons can now be produced in a superconducting cavity and used for quantum-enhanced sensing.

DNA damage induces translocation of cyclic GMP–AMP synthase to the nucleus, where it suppresses homologous recombination by interfering with the formation of the PARP1–Timeless complex.

Phospholipase C β (PLCβ) exhibits immuno-modulatory functions but its role in antiviral innate responses is unclear. Here, the authors provide evidence that PLCβ2 down regulates enterovirus-induced pro-inflammatory responses via inhibition of TAK1 activation, and suggest PLC as a potential therapeutic target.

The authors have previously demonstrated the neutralising capacity of their nanoparticle vaccine, as well as showing protection of non-human primates from SARS-CoV-2 WA-1 infection. In this work, they investigate the ability of their vaccine candidate to neutralise SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, and protect animals from other sarbecoviruses.

Successful pathogens can overcome innate immune defenses. Ge and colleagues show that Tir protein expressed by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli is injected into host cells, where it interferes with adaptor TRAF6–dependent signaling.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis secreted protein MPT53 mediates the activation of TAK1 and induces the host immune inflammatory response.

The SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein is flexible, and its receptor-binding domain (RBD) fluctuates between up or down conformations. Mutations engineered into the spike ectodomain either lock the RBD in the down state or make it adopt the up conformation more readily.

Hepatocytes use gluconeogenesis to produce glucose, but whether this process is altered in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unclear. Here, the loss of gluconeogenesis in HCC and altered glucocorticoid regulation is demonstrated and glucocorticoid treatment is shown to reduce tumour burden.

Mantle cell lymphoma can be refractory to treatment. Here, the authors used single cell sequencing to study the tumours of patients that were responsive and resistant to treatment and find gains of 17q in resistant tumours, which they attribute to increased expression of Birc5 and validate these findings in mouse models of the disease.

Immunization of macaques with nanoparticle-conjugated receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 adjuvanted with 3M-052 and alum results in cross-neutralizing antibodies against bat coronaviruses, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 variants, and may provide a platform for developing pan-coronavirus vaccines.

Antiferromagnetic materials are potentially useful for spintronic applications. Here, the authors report high thermoelectric power value of 390 μV/K Seebeck coefficient in IrMn-based half magnetic tunnel junctions at room temperature.

Type I interferons suppress viral infection. Ge and colleagues show that the kinase CK1ɛ contributes to this innate immune response by phosphorylating the signaling adaptor TRAF3 to facilitate the expression of type I interferons.

Shifting weather, changing settlement patterns and a lack of preparedness mean that dryland areas are most at risk from flooding. Researchers need to focus on data collection, early-warning systems, flood protection and more.

Cui et al. identify an important role for MLL3 in regulating the hybrid epithelial–mesenchymal transition state in breast cancer and show that deletion of MLL3 enhances metastatic capacity through increased IFNγ signalling.

Understanding ferroelectricity at reduced dimensions will be important for future sub-nanoscale devices based on ferroelectrics. Using high resolution electron microscopy; Gaoet al., observe the existence of a measurable polarization at a thickness of just 1.5-unit cells

The Mexican axolotl is a well-established tetrapod model for regeneration and development. Here the authors report a scRNA-seq method to profile neotenic, metamorphic and limb development stages, highlighting unique perturbation patterns of cell type-related gene expression throughout metamorphosis.

Detection ofde novo, low frequency mutations is important for characterising heterogeneous cell populations, such as those found in cancer cell populations. Here the authors present o2n-seq, an ultrasensitive method with highly efficient data usage for detection of rare mutations.

Four-dimensional electron energy-loss spectroscopy measurements of the vibrational spectra and the phonon dispersion at a heterointerface show localized modes that are predicted to affect the thermal conductance and electron mobility.

The SARS-CoV-2 spike ectodomain is destabilized by cold temperature storage, an effect that can be reversed by incubation at 37 °C or by stabilizing its conformation in the ‘down’ state.

The identification and structural analysis of HLA-E-VL9-targeting antibodies that block a natural killer (NK) cell receptor pathway and regulate NK function in vitro.