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Genomic and molecular analyses of Clunio marinus timing strains suggest that modulation of alternative splicing of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II represents a mechanism for evolutionary adaptation of circadian timing.

Vanessa Wong and colleagues report whole-genome sequencing of 1,832 Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi isolates from 63 endemic countries. They identify mutations that define the multidrug resistant (MDR) H58 lineage and report numerous inter- and intracontinental transmissions of this lineage as well as an ongoing MDR typhoid epidemic in Africa.

In 2001, British artist David Buckland founded Cape Farewell to bridge a communication gap between the science of climate change and the societal shift required. He explains why we need a cultural response to climate change.

Leveraging enzymatic selectivity, a single reaction stream provides a single diastereomer of the cyclic dinucleotide MK-1454, a promising immune-oncology drug candidate, without the use of protecting groups or chiral auxiliaries.

Synthetic chemist David Nichols describes how his research on psychedelic compounds has been abused — with fatal consequences.

The ATM kinase is shown to be recruited to sites of DNA damage, where it phosphorylates H2AX and triggers the G2-M checkpoint, in the absence of both MRN and Ku70–Ku80.

Combining a map of human and animal melioidosis cases and the presence of environmental Burkholderia pseudomallei in a formal modelling framework to estimate the global burden of the disease reveals that it is severely under-reported.

Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi). This study examines ∼2,000 clinical isolates of S. Typhi to show highly structured/geographically restricted genomes except rapidly disseminating H58 subclade, and design a genotyping framework for tracking the disease.

Embryos in a particular phylum of the animal kingdom tend to most resemble one another at a stage in the middle of embryogenesis known as the phylotypic period; a transcriptional analysis of embryogenesis from single embryos of ten different phyla reveals that the transcripts expressed at the phylotypic stage (or mid-developmental transition) differ greatly between phyla, and a ‘phylum’ may be defined as a set of species sharing the same signals and transcription factor networks during the mid-developmental transition.

Shining intense laser light onto a thin aluminium foil creates a relativistic plasma aperture—and diffraction. As a result, an electron beam is generated with a spatial structure that can be changed by varying the characteristics of the laser pulse.

After 18 years, and some significant setbacks, the first data from Borexino on low-energy solar neutrinos support the existence of neutrino oscillations, and are set to reveal more about the workings of the Sun.

It's no game.

The combination of appropriate labeling and a new imaging software allows researchers to follow the progress of individual HIV particles within infected cells with outstanding precision.

Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases (MAPKs) are critical for the formation of stable long-term memories. New work shows that circadian MAPK activity cycling is important in the formation of new hippocampus-dependent memories.

Coercion, not kinship, often determines who acts altruistically in an insect colony. But underlying affinities for kin emerge when coercion is removed: kin selection is what turns suppressed individuals into altruists.

Three planets of Neptune mass have been discovered orbiting a Sun-like star known to have an asteroid belt. Exquisite measurements suggest that the search for habitable planets might be easier than assumed.

Movement disorders are frequently encountered in the clinic, but establishing the correct diagnosis can be problematic, especially if the clinical presentation is complex. In this article, Adbo et al. provide a practical guide to pattern recognition in movement disorders and discuss how a clinically classified syndrome might be translated into an etiological diagnosis.

Just under the cell surface, proteins engage in an intricate ballet to drive a transport process called endocytosis. Much is known about the individual dancers, but now the choreography is revealed.

Historically Black colleges and universities offer personal and professional support that predominantly white US institutions do not.

In this Review, David Fidock discusses malarial resistance to artemisinin-based combination therapies, among others, and presents strategies for designing new therapeutics and to overcome resistance.

The possession of psychoactive drugs is subject to national and international regulations. In this Perspective article, Nuttet al. discuss how this situation makes it extremely difficult to obtain licences and investigate both the therapeutic potential and the potential dangers of psychoactive drugs.

This study explores the scientific potential of crowdsourced observations during volcanic eruptions, using the 2021 Fagradalsfjall (Iceland) and Cumbre Vieja (Canary Islands) events as case studies.

Mirror neurons are specialized cells that fire both when an animal performs an action and when it observes others performing that action. A role for these cells in social cognition is emerging, and their dysfunction is now implicated in autism.

Epithelial cells have an apical–basolateral axis of polarity, which is required for epithelial functions including barrier formation, vectorial ion transport and sensory perception. Here we review what is known about the sorting signals, machineries and pathways that maintain this asymmetry, and how polarity proteins interface with membrane-trafficking pathways to generate membrane domains de novo.It is becoming apparent that membrane traffic does not simply reinforce polarity, but is critical for the generation of cortical epithelial cell asymmetry.

Recent technological advances allow recordings of human brain activity to be made as participants engage in free movement inside and outside the laboratory. Suthana and colleagues describe these innovations, their application to cognitive neuroscience studies and their potential to transform our understanding of brain function in naturalistic settings.

During mitosis, cells distribute their genetic material to two daughter cells. The attachment of chromosomes to the spindle, and their ensuing congression to the spindle equator, are emerging as the most important aspects for maintaining genomic fidelity during mitosis.

Poor replicability in animal research can be a result of low external validity driven by rigorous standardization of study populations. This study investigates how heterogenization of study populations by using mice from different breeding sites might affect the replicability of animal studies conducted in a single facility. The findings suggest that heterogenization by breeding site has limited capacity to improve replicability in animal research.

Whole genome sequencing provides a picture of Burkholderia pseudomallei dissemination and evolution.

Burkholderia pseudomallei is a bacterium with a high biothreat potential: it can cause an infectious disease — melioidosis — that presents with sepsis, pneumonia or both in the majority of patients, with mortality as high as 50% and for which no vaccine is available.