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Comprenhensive analysis of human antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 variants and animal sarbecoviruses finds that Omicron escapes neutralization more readily than distantly related animal sarbecoviruses.

Typically, quantitative trait loci studies find genetic variants associated with the total quantity of a quantitative trait, but other measures, such as variance, can detect different biology. Here, the authors map variance quantitative trait loci for blood cell traits, finding associations with gene-by-environment interactions and genetically-predicted alcohol use.

Lake fisheries are vulnerable to environmental changes. Here, Kao et al. develop a Bayesian networks model to analyze time-series data from 31 major fisheries lake across five continents, showing that fish catches can respond either positively or negatively to climate and land-use changes.

Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern were detected early and multiple cases of virus spread not captured by clinical genomic surveillance were identified using high-resolution wastewater and clinical sequencing.

The roles played by thrombin in the human intestinal mucosa are unclear. Here, the authors show that the commensal microbiota modulates epithelial production of active thrombin, which controls biofilm growth and contributes to protection of the mucosa from bacterial invasion.

Dynamic interface printing is a new form of 3D printing that leverages an acoustically modulated, constrained air–liquid boundary to rapidly generate centimetre-scale 3D structures within tens of seconds.

Although the photogeneration yield spectrum is a key property for photoabsorbers in photovoltaic and photoelectrochemical cells, its characterization remains challenging. An empirical method to extract this parameter through quantum efficiency measurements of ultrathin films is proposed.

A quantum algorithm is introduced that performs Markov chain Monte Carlo to sample from the Boltzmann distribution of Ising models, demonstrating, through experiments and simulations, a polynomial speedup compared with classical alternatives.

Konturek-Ciesla et al show that low intensity conditioning with antibody mediated haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) depletion coupled to HSC transplantation boosts blood cell and immune cell generation in aging mice, slowing disease. This approach may help treat age-related blood disorders in humans.

JWST observations suggest that both pebbles and planetesimals played an important role in forming the giant exoplanet WASP-121 b beyond the H₂O ice line. They also indicate that strong vertical mixing likely drives the nightside atmospheric chemistry.

Linking epigenetic marks to clinical outcomes promises insight into the underlying processes. Here, the authors introduce a statistical approach to estimate associations between a phenotype and all epigenetic probes jointly, and to estimate the proportion of variation captured by epigenetic effects.

Marine fishes can substantially contribute to the inorganic carbon cycle through the excretion of intestinally precipitated carbonates, but the underlying drivers remain largely unknown. This study identifies the environmental factors and fish traits that predict carbonate excretion rate and mineralogical composition in tropical reef fishes.

The discovery of thermodynamically stable thermoelectric materials for power generation has relied on empirical methods that were not effective. Here, the authors apply the inverse design approach to identify and experimentally realize TaFeSb-based half Heuslers with high thermoelectric performance.

Hyperfine splitting was measured using the laser spectroscopy of accelerator-produced hydrogen-like bismuth ions. This demonstrates the feasibility of such measurements with other exotic ions with low production yields in a storage ring.

Isolating and studying haematopoietic stem cells in young and aged mice demonstrates evolutionary processes related to blood production and provides a framework for interpreting future work using laboratory mice to study stem cell ageing.

Graphene enables extraordinary nonlinear-optical refraction, far exceeding predictions based on conventional nonlinear-susceptibility theory. Here, Vermeulen et al. show that rather than the nonlinear susceptibility, a complex saturable refraction process is central to graphene’s unusual behavior.

The sustainability of the majority of multispecies reef fisheries around the globe remains unassessed. This study provides context-specific sustainable reference points for coral reef fish using environmental conditions. Using these reference points, they show that most reef fish stocks have failed at least one fisheries sustainability benchmark.

Cells exhibit exceptional chemical sensitivity, yet we haven’t fully understood how they achieve it. Here the authors consider the mutual information between signals and two coupled sensors as a proxy for sensing performance and show its optimisation depending on noise level and signal statistics.

Genomic evolutionary rates are decomposed to identify the dominant lineages and genes driving rate variation across the phylogeny of birds.

Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission impact on asteroid Dimophos resulted in an elliptical ejecta plume. Here, the authors show that this elliptical ejecta is due to the curvature of the asteroid and makes kinetic momentum transfer less efficient.

This study shows that a multitrophic community model jointly recapitulates diel rhythms in abundances of Prochlorococcus picocyanobacteria, as well as viral infection, viral abundances and grazer abundances. Model-data integration implies that grazing predominantly controls Prochlorococcus abundances in surface waters of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre, despite high viral densities.

Dynamic redundancy by horizontal gene transfer stabilizes gene abundances amidst compositional fluctuations in microbial communities, which suggests a means to program gene stability of complex microbiota.

While biodiversity levels have been studied in many different landscapes, villages have been relatively unexplored in comparison. This study examines biodiversity in Eastern European villages across landscape complexity and proximity to cities in the context of social and economic well-being.

A plate-based assay called CRAFTseq has been developed that uses ‘multi-omic’ single-cell RNA sequencing and direct genotyping of CRISPR edits to test the functional effects of genetic variants on cell state and function.

Authors apply atom probe tomography to image and quantify the 3D distribution of oxygen vacancies in (LuFeO₃)₉/(LuFe₂O₄)₁ superlattices, linking local variations in chemical composition to the emergent multiferroic properties.

Many studies assess epigenetic marks in white blood cells, but it is unclear how much immune factors affect the epigenome. Here, the authors show that fine-scale blood cell composition and cytomegalovirus infection affect the DNA methylome of adults.

The power generated by an ideal thermal machine cannot exceed the Carnot limit in classical physics. Here, Ryu et al., demonstrate that a periodically driven quantum chiral conductor can exhibit efficiencies beyond the Carnot limit while the second law of thermodynamics is preserved.

Since its discovery, the sensitivity of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance has increased steadily. Here the authors report on a liquid-state NMR methodology that increases the sensitivity of the diffusion coefficient measurements 10–100- fold, allowing to use microgram quantities of compounds, while reducing the measurement time to few minutes.

A new scaling relation between cluster mass and the size and intensity of accretion shock waves could be used to indirectly measure the dark matter mass in galaxy clusters.

Using a microfluidic single-cell aging platform, the authors report how single-cell lifespan varies across more than 300 yeast strains, each missing a single gene. Their top hit, Sis2, was found to regulate yeast lifespan in a dose-dependent fashion.

Lassa Fever is a rodent-borne viral haemorrhagic fever that is a public health problem in West Africa. Here, the authors develop a spatiotemporal model of the socioecological drivers of disease using surveillance data from Nigeria, and find evidence of climate sensitivity.

Shuman et al. report that epileptic mice harbor desynchronized hippocampal interneuron activity and unstable spatial representations, revealing that precise intrahippocampal synchronization is critical for spatial coding.

The dayside thermal emission spectrum and brightness temperature map of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-18b obtained from the NIRISS instrument on the JWST showed water emission features, an atmosphere consistent with solar metallicity, as well as a steep and symmetrical decrease in temperature towards the nightside.

Analysis of genomic and epidemiology data from 2022 in New York City show similarities between the dynamics of MPXV and HIV transmission, and highlight the role of heavy-tailed sexual contact networks in disease transmission.

Analysing changes in observations of birds, butterflies and plants in Great Britain over more than 50 years, the authors show that climate change and land conversion have led to increases in richness, biotic homogenization and warmer-adapted communities over both the long and short terms.

Popescu et al. developed a deep learning approach that blends neural networks and survival analysis to predict patient-specific survival curves from raw contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance images and clinical covariates for patients with ischemic heart disease to offer accurate arrhythmic sudden death predictions.

A wireless, minimally invasive emergency rescue device is developed for the active burst-release of stable particulate forms of peptide and hormone drugs into subcutaneous sites in mice.

Nanotechnology has the potential to increase the net revenue from agricultural products and alleviate the environmental impact of conventional fertilizers and pesticides. Further improving the efficiency of nanoformulations is necessary for their wide adoption.

LFADS, a deep learning method for analyzing neural population activity, can extract neural dynamics from single-trial recordings, stitch separate datasets into a single model, and infer perturbations, for example, from behavioral choices to these dynamics.

Alarmone synthesis depletes GTP levels leading to a GTP-dependent switch that controls triggered, spontaneous and antibiotic-induced persister formation in Bacillus subtilis.

There is a lack of guiding parameters to design metallic materials such as high-entropy alloys with strength-ductility synergy. Here, the authors propose such an effective parameter κ, the ratio of short-ranged interactions between closed-pack planes, experimentally validated by six alloys.