Search

Deep whole-genome sequencing of 300 individuals from 142 diverse populations provides insights into key population genetic parameters, shows that all modern human ancestry outside of Africa including in Australasians is consistent with descending from a single founding population, and suggests a higher rate of accumulation of mutations in non-Africans compared to Africans since divergence.

Across species, how aging leads to progressive spatial memory decline is not fully understood. This study reports dysfunctional spatial coding by aged entorhinal grid cells and networks related to impaired spatial memory and identifies implicated neuronal gene expression changes.

Activity in a set of parabranchial neurons in the mouse brain is increased during chronic pain, predicts coping behaviour, and can be modulated by circuits activated by survival threats.

Population history learning by averaging sampled histories is a new Bayesian method for estimating historical effective population size from recombining sequence data that offers improved speed and accuracy and enables uncertainty quantification and testing for ancient bottlenecks.

Light in disordered media may defy conventional localization due to hidden topological features. Drawing on an unexpected link to spin-1 Weyl semimetals, the authors reveal how weak disorder and helicity dynamics can unlock exotic optical phases and transparency anomalies.

Experiments and modelling unravel mechanisms of nitrous oxide production from nitrate, the primary nitrous oxide production pathway in oxygen minimum zones. Results highlight the critical role of microbial interactions in regulating this pathway.

BPTF is known to regulate chromatin accessibility and self-renewal in mammary epithelial stem cells. Here, the authors discover that BPTF inhibition delays tumor formation, re-activates ERα expression, increases sensitivity to tamoxifen treatment, and inhibits metastatic development.

Whole-genome sequencing data reveals a large number of variants for testing their associations with phenotypic traits and diseases. Here, the authors develop WGScan, a statistical method for detecting the existence and estimating the locations of the association signal at genome-wide scale.

Cortical networks switch from asynchronous firing to sudden synchronized population events. Here, the authors show that differential excitatory short-term synaptic plasticity onto either excitatory or inhibitory targets establishes and shapes the dynamics of these population events.

Decade-long field measurements and modelling show that projected ocean temperatures could restrict cell division rates of an important marine cyanobacterium.

Gastrointestinal distress is common among individuals with autism. Here, authors show that autism gene variants disrupt enteric neuron migration and cause gut dysmotility. They identify a common SSRI that can ameliorate this dysmotility in Xenopus.

Phaeocystales are ecologically significant nanoplankton whose evolutionary history and functional diversity remain incompletely characterized. Here, the authors integrate genomic and transcriptomic data to reveal their lineage diversification, metabolic plasticity, and adaptation to polar and temperate regimes.

A study of several longitudinal birth cohorts and cross-sectional cohorts finds only moderate overlap in genetic variants between autism that is diagnosed earlier and that diagnosed later, so they may represent aetiologically different conditions.

The protein corona formed on nanoparticles can impact bioactivity. Here the authors show that the protein corona on lipid nanoparticles alters their function and reduces transfection efficiency, showing the importance of considering the protein corona in designing lipid nanoparticle-based therapeutics.

This work highlights a sharp warming contrast within the Southern Ocean: the Atlantic-Indian sector warms faster than the Pacific due to wind-driven heat transport. The contrast is projected to persist, shaping future climate and ocean change.

Simultaneous recordings were made of hundreds of neurons in the rat frontal cortex and striatum, showing that decision commitment involves a rapid, coordinated transition in dynamical regime and neural mode.

A complementary analysis of DESI DR2 distance measurements along with supernova and CMB data shows consistent, moderate evidence that dark energy changes over time rather than behaving as a simple cosmological constant.

Ammonia oxidizers contribute minimally to carbon fixation in the dark ocean despite their abundance at depth, according to enzyme inhibition experiments on water samples from two cruises.

This study shows that a multitrophic community model jointly recapitulates diel rhythms in abundances of Prochlorococcus picocyanobacteria, as well as viral infection, viral abundances and grazer abundances. Model-data integration implies that grazing predominantly controls Prochlorococcus abundances in surface waters of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre, despite high viral densities.

Malnutrition during pregnancy has lasting effects on maternal and offspring health. Its adverse impacts are modified by the maternal microbiome and attenuated by gestational treatment with select microbial metabolites.

Electron hopping in geometrically frustrated lattices can result in a rich variety of unusual behaviours. Now, the orbital arrangement in a van der Waals metal with a non-frustrated, primitive lattice is found to show similar effects.

The International Brain Laboratory presents a brain-wide electrophysiological map obtained from pooling data from 12 laboratories that performed the same standardized perceptual decision-making task in mice.

Here, whole-exome DNA sequencing study of parent-child trios shows a significant enrichment of rare and ultra-rare de novo gene-damaging mutations in children with ADHD compared to unaffected controls and identifies KDM5B as a high-confidence risk gene.

Managing power exhaust in fusion reactors is a key challenge, especially in compact designs for cost-effective commercial energy. This study shows how alternative divertor configurations improve exhaust control, enhance stability, absorb transients and enable independent plasma regulation.

Brain-wide recordings in mice reveal that prior expectations are distributed through recurrent loops across all levels of cortical and subcortical processing.

A study in Drosophila has identified a neural circuit that selectively suppress movement-encoding proprioceptors during self-generated movements such as walking and grooming.

Studying individuals with autism only, this study investigated the genomic architecture of autism-related phenotypes using a multivariate modelling framework. This work identified distinct genomic factors linked to language performance, behaviour and developmental motor delay.

Methods to study how natural selection shapes genetic architecture of complex traits rely on individual level genome-wide association study (GWAS) data. Here, the authors present a Bayesian method using GWAS summary statistics to study genetic architecture and apply this to 155 complex traits.

Analysis of rare protein-truncating, damaging missense and copy number variants from exome sequencing of 63,237 individuals identifies 72 genes associated with autism spectrum disorder.

Quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes offer lower overhead than topological quantum error-correcting codes, but decoding remains a key challenge for scalable fault-tolerant quantum computing. This work introduces a highly parallelizable decoding algorithm for QLDPC codes that matches the accuracy of leading decoders while enabling significantly improved scalability.

An integrated analysis of de novo and inherited coding variants in 42,607 individuals with autism spectrum disorder identifies 60 risk genes of which five have not previously been associated with neurodevelopmental disorders.

In many optical systems with time-reversal symmetry, it is possible to control the output waves by shaping the input fields. Now a scheme is presented that works for multimode fibres that lack time-reversal symmetry due to thermal effects.

Morphological subtypes of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may differ in their genetic bases. Chan et al. develop a method for calculating a patient-level, genome-wide rare variant score and find significant differences in rare and common variant associations between dysmorphic and nondysmorphic ASD groups.