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Yamazoe et al. show that B cell-derived autoantibodies contribute to the development of atrial fibrillation, suggesting that targeting the humoral immune response may represent a viable therapeutic approach.

Certain chiral macroions have previously been shown to self-assemble into spherical structures. Here, the authors observe self-sorting of racemic macroions into enantiomeric ‘blackberry’-shaped structures, and furthermore show that the addition of chiral co-anions allows the formation of a single enantiomer.

Despite advances in cardioprotection, new therapeutic strategies precluding ischemia-reperfusion injury of patients are still needed. Here, the authors show that preventing serine 663 phosphorylation of SERCA2, significantly increases its activity and protects against cell death, by counteracting cytosolic and mitochondrial Ca²⁺ overload.

Analyses of pretransplant omics data from different cohorts of African American recipients found that genetic polymorphisms at the LILRB3 gene are associated with kidney graft loss.

Researchers identified 7 biological group of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, one with poor prognosis. They developed a gene expression classifier to detect these groups, potentially improving prognosis and future treatments for the high-risk patients.

Meta-analyses in up to 1.3 million individuals identify 87 rare-variant associations with blood pressure traits. On average, rare variants exhibit effects ~8 times larger than the mean effects of common variants and implicate candidate causal genes at associated regions.

Reduced glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is a hallmark of chronic kidney disease. Here, Pattaro et al. conduct a meta-analysis to discover several new loci associated with variation in eGFR and find that genes associated with eGFR loci often encode proteins potentially related to kidney development.

Kinase inhibitors used in chemotherapy are known for their adverse effects on kidney physiology. Here, Calizo et al. show that dasatinib is associated with a higher risk of glomerular toxicity compared to other kinase inhibitors, due to deleterious effects on cytoskeletal biomechanics in podocytes.

 A method for topological automatic cell type classification across subcellular resolution spatial transcriptomic platforms is proposed, resolving cell type information and locating sparsely dispersed cells in human kidney and mouse kidney and brain.

Analysis of HbA1c and FPG levels across 117 population-based studies demonstrates regional variation in prevalence of previously undiagnosed screen-detected diabetes using one or both measures and suggests that use of elevated FPG alone could underestimate diabetes prevalence in low- and middle-income countries.

An integrative three-dimensional genomic and transcriptional profiling of four human neural cell types links regulatory elements to their target genes and elucidates the function of noncoding variants in neuropsychiatric disorders.

Single-nucleus RNA-sequencing analysis supports the presence of immature dentate granule cells throughout the human lifespan and shows that these cells are reduced in number and dysregulated in Alzheimer's disease.

Single-cell analyses in a reporter mouse model and human tissues identify a rare cell subset that produces erythropoietin in vivo, opening potential new avenues for research in erythropoiesis and oxygen homeostasis.

Nahrendorf and colleagues show that B cells in the bone marrow are an important source of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which limits hematopoiesis through modulating the signals produced by the bone marrow stromal niche during steady-state and emergency hematopoiesis.

Wang et al. identify a promoter variant in xanthine oxidoreductase associated with diabetic kidney disease through increased podocyte depletion and glomerular injury.

A high-throughput screen of preclinical, investigational and FDA-approved drugs identifies compounds that possess antiviral and neuroprotective effects against Zika virus infection in human neural progenitor cells and astrocytes.

Generative artificial intelligence is used to design an effective treatment for inflammatory bowel disease in preclinical models.

Application-specific computational hardware helps to solve the limitations of conventional electronics in solving difficult calculation problems. Here the authors present a general heuristic algorithm to solve NP-Hard Ising problems in a photonics implementation.

The cryo-EM structure of a megacomplex between chimeric GPCR, G protein and β-arrestin in their canonical active conformations provides insight into the basis of sustained G protein signaling upon megacomplex internalization.

Hydrogen sulphide (H₂S) is a gaseous signalling molecule, which has shown therapeutic value. Here, the authors show that a thioenol metabolite of the antithrombotic drug clopidogrel is an efficient H₂S donor and masked thioenols can be linked to existing compounds to develop H₂S-releasing agents.

Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is a measure of kidney function used to define chronic kidney disease. Here, Morris et al. perform trans-ethnic genome-wide meta-analyses for eGFR in 312,468 individuals and identify novel loci and downstream putative causal genes.

Hardware-aware neural architecture search (HW-NAS) can be used to design efficient in-memory computing (IMC) hardware for deep learning accelerators. This Review discusses methodologies, frameworks, ongoing research, open issues and recommendations, and provides a roadmap for HW-NAS for IMC.

Regulatory T cells maintain immune homeostasis and help control development of autoimmunity and allergy. Arroyo-Hornero et al show that upon prolonged stimulation, regulatory T cells may switch to an immunostimulatory phenotype by upregulating the expression of the co-stimulatory molecule CD70.

Hamed Nikfarjam and colleagues report an integrated microelectromechanical system (MEMS) hardware capable of performing simultaneous sensing, compute and produce an action signal all within the same physical layer. The researchers demonstrate that different classification algorithms can be run on the MEMs hardware, expanding MEMS applications to more advanced fields such as surgical robotics and wearable devices.

This protocol describes procedures for building the SpinΩ bioreactor for 3D tissue culture and differentiating human iPSCs into different brain region–specific organoids resembling developing human dorsal forebrain, midbrain and hypothalamus.