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A human-specific modifier of cortical connectivity and circuit function

The human-specific gene duplication SRGAP2C is identified as a modifier of structural and functional features of cortical circuits leading to improved behavioural performance that may have allowed the emergence of cognitive properties characterizing the human brain.

Ewoud R. E. Schmidt
Hanzhi T. Zhao
Franck Polleux
Research27 Oct 2021
Nature

Volume: 599, P: 640-644
Developmental mechanisms underlying the evolution of human cortical circuits

The advanced cognitive capacities of humans are linked to the evolution of a number of species-specific cortical features. In this Review, Pierre Vanderhaeghen and Franck Polleux discuss the genomic modifications and changes in neurodevelopmental mechanisms that underpin the human brain’s unique complexity and function.

Pierre Vanderhaeghen
Franck Polleux
Reviews15 Feb 2023
Nature Reviews Neuroscience

Volume: 24, P: 213-232
Author Correction: A human-specific modifier of cortical connectivity and circuit function

Ewoud R. E. Schmidt
Hanzhi T. Zhao
Franck Polleux
Amendments and Corrections06 Jan 2022
Nature

Volume: 601, P: E10
Activity-dependent compartmentalization of dendritic mitochondria morphology through local regulation of fusion-fission balance in neurons in vivo

The mechanisms regulating mitochondrial architecture in neurons remain unclear. The authors report that in dendrites, mitochondria structure is specified by the CAMKK2-AMPK pathway through compartment-specific and activity-dependent levels of fission.

Daniel M. Virga
Stevie Hamilton
Tommy L. Lewis Jr
ResearchOpen Access08 Mar 2024
Nature Communications

Volume: 15, P: 1-21
Mitochondrial complexity is regulated at ER-mitochondria contact sites via PDZD8-FKBP8 tethering

How PDZD8 acted in Mitochondria-ER contact formation was unclear. Here, the authors show that binding to mitochondrial FKBP8 slows PDZD8’s rapid motion, enhancing contacts and mitochondrial complexity.

Koki Nakamura
Saeko Aoyama-Ishiwatari
Yusuke Hirabayashi
ResearchOpen Access17 Apr 2025
Nature Communications

Volume: 16, P: 1-23
Synaptic basis of feature selectivity in hippocampal neurons

A temporally asymmetric synaptic plasticity kernel results from bidirectional modifications of synaptic weights around the induction of a place field.

Kevin C. Gonzalez
Adrian Negrean
Attila Losonczy
Research18 Dec 2024
Nature

Volume: 637, P: 1152-1160
Aβ42 oligomers trigger synaptic loss through CAMKK2-AMPK-dependent effectors coordinating mitochondrial fission and mitophagy

Loss of excitatory synapses occur prior to the formation of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer’s disease. Here the authors show in an animal model that the loss of synapses induced by amyloid-beta oligomers requires over-activation of a stress-response pathway inducing structural remodelling of mitochondria in dendrites of cortical and hippocampal neurons.

Annie Lee
Chandana Kondapalli
Franck Polleux
ResearchOpen Access01 Aug 2022
Nature Communications

Volume: 13, P: 1-20
Genomic remodelling in the primate brain

In many mammals, the gene Ostn is expressed in muscles and bones. The discovery that the primate OSTN gene has been repurposed to also act in neurons provides clues to how humans evolved their cognitive abilities. See Article p.242

Justine Kupferman
Franck Polleux
News & Views09 Nov 2016
Nature

Volume: 539, P: 171-172
Haploinsufficiency of autism spectrum disorder candidate gene NUAK1 impairs cortical development and behavior in mice

Nuak1 is an autism spectrum disorder candidate gene. Here the authors report behavioral and cortical development in mice heterozygous for Nuak1, suggesting loss of function mutations in one copy of Nuak1 may contribute to neurodevelopmental disorders.

Virginie Courchet
Amanda J. Roberts
Julien Courchet
ResearchOpen Access16 Oct 2018
Nature Communications

Volume: 9, P: 1-14
The human-specific paralogs SRGAP2B and SRGAP2C differentially modulate SRGAP2A-dependent synaptic development

Ewoud R. E. Schmidt
Justine V. Kupferman
Franck Polleux
ResearchOpen Access10 Dec 2019
Scientific Reports

Volume: 9, P: 1-8
Local circuit amplification of spatial selectivity in the hippocampus

Single-cell tracing and optogenetics manipulation in mice are used to show how spatial tuning of individual pyramidal cells in CA1 can propagate to and be amplified by their local subnetwork of neurons.

Tristan Geiller
Sadra Sadeh
Attila Losonczy
Research01 Dec 2021
Nature

Volume: 601, P: 105-109
Semaphorin 3A is a chemoattractant for cortical apical dendrites

Franck Polleux
Theresa Morrow
Anirvan Ghosh
Research06 Apr 2000
Nature

Volume: 404, P: 567-573
MFF-dependent mitochondrial fission regulates presynaptic release and axon branching by limiting axonal mitochondria size

It is unclear how and why axonal mitochondria are kept so small in axons. Authors show here that MFF-mediated fission is required for determining the size of mitochondria both entering and along the axon, and this is critical for mitochondrial calcium uptake capacity, neurotransmitter release properties and axon branching.

Tommy L. Lewis Jr
Seok-Kyu Kwon
Franck Polleux
ResearchOpen Access27 Nov 2018
Nature Communications

Volume: 9, P: 1-15
Visually guided in vivo single-cell electroporation for monitoring and manipulating mammalian hippocampal neurons

An in vivo single-cell electroporation method enables the delivery of plasmids selectively to individual pyramidal neurons in the mouse dorsal hippocampus, guided by two-photon imaging.

Kevin C. Gonzalez
Asako Noguchi
Attila Losonczy
Protocols10 Feb 2025
Nature Protocols

Volume: 20, P: 1468-1484
Transcriptional regulation of vertebrate axon guidance and synapse formation

The formation of complex neuronal circuitry requires precise spatial, temporal and cell-type-specific regulation of the responses of neurons to extracellular guidance and synaptogenic cues. Ghosh and colleagues discuss the key roles of transcription factors in regulating connectivity in the nervous system.

Franck Polleux
Gulayse Ince-Dunn
Anirvan Ghosh
Reviews01 May 2007
Nature Reviews Neuroscience

Volume: 8, P: 331-340
Correlated Light-Serial Scanning Electron Microscopy (CoLSSEM) for ultrastructural visualization of single neurons in vivo

Yusuke Hirabayashi
Juan Carlos Tapia
Franck Polleux
ResearchOpen Access27 Sept 2018
Scientific Reports

Volume: 8, P: 1-10

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A human-specific modifier of cortical connectivity and circuit function

Developmental mechanisms underlying the evolution of human cortical circuits

Author Correction: A human-specific modifier of cortical connectivity and circuit function

Activity-dependent compartmentalization of dendritic mitochondria morphology through local regulation of fusion-fission balance in neurons in vivo

Mitochondrial complexity is regulated at ER-mitochondria contact sites via PDZD8-FKBP8 tethering

Synaptic basis of feature selectivity in hippocampal neurons

Aβ42 oligomers trigger synaptic loss through CAMKK2-AMPK-dependent effectors coordinating mitochondrial fission and mitophagy

Genomic remodelling in the primate brain

Haploinsufficiency of autism spectrum disorder candidate gene NUAK1 impairs cortical development and behavior in mice

The human-specific paralogs SRGAP2B and SRGAP2C differentially modulate SRGAP2A-dependent synaptic development

Local circuit amplification of spatial selectivity in the hippocampus

Semaphorin 3A is a chemoattractant for cortical apical dendrites

MFF-dependent mitochondrial fission regulates presynaptic release and axon branching by limiting axonal mitochondria size

Visually guided in vivo single-cell electroporation for monitoring and manipulating mammalian hippocampal neurons

Transcriptional regulation of vertebrate axon guidance and synapse formation

Correlated Light-Serial Scanning Electron Microscopy (CoLSSEM) for ultrastructural visualization of single neurons in vivo

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