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Integrated multi-omic analyses using samples from the TRACERx study highlight cross-talk between DNA hypermethylation and genomic lesions in non-small cell lung cancer.

Coastal migration under sea level rise is more likely in higher- than in lower-income contexts. Key determinants of migration include flood risk, response efficacy, self-efficacy, place attachment, and age. Important trade-offs exist between migration and in-situ flood adaptation.

Carrier multiplication processes, where photons are converted into multiple charge carriers, promise higher efficiencies for solar cells based on quantum dots and nanorods. Here, the authors demonstrate carrier multiplication in PbS nanosheets, extending this effect to two-dimensional materials.

This study finds that flood insurance policy design affects economic development in floodplains and, consequently, flood risk in Europe. Therefore, the authors advocate for flood insurance design to be integrated in climate change adaptation policy.

An individual tumour is often heterogeneous and its various features can be visualised noninvasively using medical imaging. Here, the authors analyse large computed tomography data sets using radiomic algorithms to identify heterogeneity, and find that some of these tumour features have prognostic value across cancer types.

Tumor cells can evade immune detection by downregulating commonly recognized antigens, presenting a major challenge for effective immunotherapy. In this first-in-human study, the authors showed that the activation of T cells recognizing a new class of tumor antigens presented by immunotherapy-escaped tumor cells is safe and may lead to clinical benefit.

WNT-activating mutations in CTNNB1 are common in hepatoblastoma, but downstream molecular phenotypes are heterogenous. Using multiomic approaches, the authors identify distinct subgroups of hepatoblastoma cells based on WNT-signaling patterns and create a biobank of patient-derived hepatoblastoma organoids representing these subtypes.

The Biodiversity Cell Atlas aims to create comprehensive single-cell molecular atlases across the eukaryotic tree of life, which will be phylogenetically informed, rely on high-quality genomes and use shared standards to facilitate comparisons across species.

Warming temperatures and interactions between plants are the main drivers of changes in Arctic plant communities in response to climate change, and there is no evidence of overall biotic homogenization.

Risk assessment of lung disease mortality is currently limited. Here, authors show that deep learning can estimate lung disease mortality from a chest x-ray beyond risk factors, which may help to identify individuals at risk in screening and cancer populations.

Results of the TRACERx study shed new light into the association between body composition and body weight with survival in individuals with non-small cell lung cancer, and delineate potential biological processes and mediators contributing to the development of cancer-associated cachexia.

Benchmarking of scATAC-seq protocols demonstrates the effects of data quality on downstream analyses.

This Article reports the detection of oscillations in the massive star β Crucis using polarized light. Such oscillatory modes provide information about stellar structure; in this case the stellar mass, inclination of the rotation axis and size of the convective core.

Circulating tumour DNA profiling in early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer can be used to track single-nucleotide variants in plasma to predict lung cancer relapse and identify tumour subclones involved in the metastatic process.

Combination of epidemiology, preclinical models and ultradeep DNA profiling of clinical cohorts unpicks the inflammatory mechanism by which air pollution promotes lung cancer

Retinoblastoma is the most frequent intraocular paediatric malignancy whose molecular basis remains poorly understood. Here, the authors perform multi-omic analysis and identify two subtypes; one in a cone differentiated state and one more aggressive showing cone dedifferentiation and expressing neuronal markers.

Immune lymphocyte estimation from nucleotide sequencing (ImmuneLENS) infers B cell and T cell fractions from whole-genome sequencing data. Applied to the 100,000 Genomes Project datasets, circulating T cell fraction provides sex-dependent and prognostic insights in patients.

Differential expression analysis of single-cell transcriptomics allows scientists to dissect cell-type-specific responses to biological perturbations. Here, the authors show that many commonly used methods are biased and can produce false discoveries.

The National Flood Insurance Program is a key tool for managing growing flood risk in the USA. This research shows that premiums based on local risk, rather than national averages, will generate large societal benefits, and investments in large-scale adaptation infrastructure will enhance these impacts.

Opacities are considered to be the source of the disagreement between theoretical solar models and helioseismic data. Here, the authors show solar opacity profiles derived from seismic inferences, which differs from theoretical values used in the solar models.

Malmberg and colleagues generated a single-cell transcriptional reference map to investigate pan-cancer profiles of tumor-infiltrating natural killer cells.

Adaptation policies can considerably influence the intensity and spatial patterns of sealevel rise-related migration, with managed retreat and setback zones leading to outmigration, while hard protection measures favor migration toward the coast.

Here, van der Lans et al describe an antigen-agnostic approach to identify antibodies against Klebsiella pneumoniae. Functional analysis of these antibodies indicates that their capacity to activate complement depends on their antigenic target.

Starting from the vibrational modes of water molecules, the authors derive five major spectral niches in aquatic ecosystems using a radiative transfer model. They then predict the global distributions of these spectral niches using remote sensing and validate the predictions with metagenomic data on the distribution patterns of cyanobacterial pigments.

Datasets from in situ warming experiments across 28 arctic and alpine tundra sites covering  a span of less than 1 year up to 25 years show the importance of local soil conditions and warming-induced changes therein for future climatic impacts on ecosystem respiration.  

Foundation models have transformed artificial intelligence by training on vast amounts of broad unlabelled data. Pai et al. present a foundation model leading to more accurate, efficient and robust cancer imaging biomarkers, especially in use cases with small training datasets.

Swanton and colleagues present a clonal expression signature, ORACLE, which, in combination with clinicopathological and molecular risk factors, can predict survival of patients with lung adenocarcinoma, and they prospectively validate its prognostic value.