Anti-CTLA4 therapy has not been comprehensively explored for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Here, in a pilot study of anti-CTLA4 therapy with or without cryoablation in mRCC, the authors report that the combination is feasible and enhances immune infiltration in patients with metastatic clear cell histology.
- Matthew T. Campbell
- Surena F. Matin
- Padmanee Sharma